【摘要】 为了从理论高度揭示车辆液压减振器的低温阻尼性能,并促进具有良好低温适应性减振器油的研制,以两种高铁减振器油为研究对象,先对其进行了在-50～80℃宽温度范围内物理特性的测试,分析了利用常规理论公式计算物理特性时的误差及其局限性;提出一种新型密度-温度理论计算公式和一种由改进Vogel公式描述的黏度-温度理论计算公式,并基于对实验数据在不同温度分段内的拟合,分别获得了这两个理论公式的方程系数。理论计算结果与实验结果对比表明:新型密度-温度理论计算公式的相对误差小于1.4%,改进Vogel公式的相对误差小于6%,因此,所提出的新型理论模型适合于描述减振器油在宽温度范围内的物理特性。更多还原

【Abstract】 To theoretically describe the low-temperature damping characteristics of vehicular hydraulic dampers and promote the development of high-quality damper fluids capable of working under extreme cold weather conditions, firstly, the physical properties of two kinds of high-speed train damper fluids were tested in a wide temperature range of-50～80 ℃,then the calculation errors and limitation when using the regular theories to describe the damper fluid properties were analyzed.A new kind of density-temperature theory computational formula and a new kind of viscosity-temperature theory computational formula based on an improved Vogel formula were proposed, the coefficients in the two proposed formulae were respectively obtained by fitting the tested data in different temperature sections.The comparison of theoretical and experimental results show that the relative calculation error of the new density-temperature formula is less than 1.4% and that of the new viscosity-temperature formula is less than 6%, thus the proposed new models are suitable for describing the physical properties of hydraulic damper fluids in a considerable wide temperature range.更多还原