【摘要】 为研究不同偏航角下风沙耦合作用(激励)对高速列车的气动性能和冲蚀特性的影响,基于空气动力学理论,采用Navier-Stokes方程、标准κ-ε湍流模型对气流进行连续化处理,应用DPM模型对沙粒进行离散化处理。模拟车速230 km/h、风速30 m/s条件下,0°偏航角、45°偏航角和90°偏航角3种工况下,列车的气动特性、冲蚀特性以及侧力系数、阻力系数的变化规律,采用欧拉-拉格朗日方法分别进行求解。研究结果表明:随着偏航角的增大,正压区域逐渐向侧面扩大,涡流也逐渐增大,阻力系数减小,侧力系数逐渐增大;90°偏航角有沙侧力系数是0°偏航角有沙的250倍,90°偏航角无沙侧力系数是0°偏航角无沙的142倍;冲蚀面积由头部向侧面转移且增加,冲蚀率增加。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the effects of wind-sand coupling(excitation) on the aerodynamic performance and erosion characteristics of high-speed trains at different yaw angles, based on aerodynamics theory,the Navier-Stokes equation and standard κ-ε turbulence model were used to treat the air flow continually, and the DPM model was used to discretize the sand particles. Under the conditions of 230 km/h simulation vehicle speed and 30 m/s wind speed,and under three conditions of 0°, 45° and 90° yaw angle, the aerodynamic characteristics, erosion characteristics, lateral force coefficient and drag coefficient of trains were solved by Euler-Lagrange method. The results show that the increase of yaw angle, the area of barotropic pressure gradually enlarges to the side, the eddy current gradually increases, the drag coefficient decreases and the side force coefficient increases gradually; the side force coefficient of 90° yaw angle with sand is 250 times of that of 0° yaw angle with sand, and the side force coefficient of 90° yaw angle without sand is 142 times of that of 0° yaw angle without sand; the erosion area is shifted from head to side and increased, the erosion rate is also increasing.更多还原