【摘要】 南黄海盆地是迄今为止中国近海唯一未发现油气田的大型沉积盆地,具有陆相中-新生界和海相中-古生界2套油气勘探层系。海相中-古生界厚度大、分布广,地震资料成像品质差一直是制约其油气勘探的关键问题。针对中-古生界的地震探测技术攻关经历了地震地质研究、技术攻关和技术突破与应用3个阶段。在第1阶段工作的基础上,以区内地震地质条件与岩石物性分析为先导,以物探船不断更新和地震仪器设备升级换代为手段,以大量理论模拟、针对性室内物理模拟和持续海上试验为方法,通过采集参数不断优化,最终形成了以"高覆盖次数、富低频信号、强震源能量"为特征的"高富强"地震探测技术,突破了技术瓶颈。应用该技术,在原来为空白反射的崂山隆起发现了海相中-古生界3套可连续追踪对比的地震反射标志层组,识别出7个反射界面,建立了地层层序,揭示了残留盆地构造特征,预测了油气远景区,优选出高石稳定带为有利区带,圈定了重点构造,锁定了钻探目标,为南黄海盆地新层系油气勘查突破创造了条件,为下一步勘探指明了方向。"高富强"地震探测技术对拓展中国海域找油空间、加快海域深部油气资源勘探和开发利用具有重要意义,对全球具有类似地震地质条件海域的油气勘探具有实际应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The South Yellow Sea Basin is the only large sedimentary basin without oil and gas fields discovered so far in the offshore area of China. There occur two sets of strata, the continental Mesozoic-Cenozoic and the marine Mesozoic-Paleozoic, for hydrocarbon exploration. The marine Mesozoic-Paleozoic strata are thick and widely distributed. However, the quality of seismic data is always a problem which restricts effective oil and gas exploration. The marine Meso-Paleozoic basin is characterized by deep burial, complex basin-forming background, and strong tectonic deformation in the later stage. The research of seismic exploration technology for the Meso-Paleozoic has experienced three stages of progress: seismic geological research, tackling key technical problems, and technical breakthrough and application. In the first stage, seismic geological conditions and rock physical properties were analyzed. Then, with the help of continuous updating of geophysical prospecting vessels, in addition to seismic instruments and equipment, the seismic acquisition parameters are continuously improved through large number of theoretical simulations, targeted physical simulations and continuous offshore trials. As the results, the seismic exploration technology called "HRS" took place, which broke the "bottleneck" of the seismic data interpretation for the marine Mesozoic-Paleozoic strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin. This technology is characterized by high coverage, low-frequency and strong source energy. By using this technology, three sets of seismic reflection markers which can be continuously traced and seven reflection surfaces were identified on the Laoshan Uplift where the original reflection of the marine Mesozoic-Paleozoic strata are blank. Upon the basis, stratigraphic sequences were established, residual basin tectonic units revealed, and the oil and gas prospect areas predicted. The Gaoshi stability zone of the Laoshan Uplift was selected as a favorable exploration target.Key structures were delineated, and drilling targets locked. The works mentioned above made clear the direction and conditions for further exploration and the breakthrough of oil and gas exploration in the new strata of the South Yellow Sea Basin. The "HRS" seismic exploration technology has great significance for expanding the spatial areas of hydrocarbon exploration in offshore China, and push forward the exploration and development of oil and gas resources in deep offshore areas. The technology may be used for oil and gas exploration in the sea areas with similar seismic and geological conditions in the other part of the world.更多还原