【摘要】 含能材料是一种特殊的能源材料,在国防和民用领域均具有特殊而重要的地位。富氮唑类含能金属配合物及其聚合物是含能材料的一个重要分支,它们在含能材料的起爆药、高能炸药、火箭推进剂和烟花等诸多领域均具有重要的研究价值和广阔的应用前景。本文从咪唑、吡唑、三唑、四唑和五唑等氮唑类含能金属配合物的理论设计、实验合成、性能评估和应用领域等方面近年来的研究进展进行了综述,梳理了用于结构调控、合成优化和性能提升等方面的先进策略,探讨了存在的问题,最后展望了在理论和实验研究上未来的发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energetic materials are one kind of special and dangerous energy materials, a huge amount of energy is stored in their structures, and can be released out in a very short time under the external stimulus like thermal, impact, friction and so on. Thus, they play a very unique but important role in the fields of national defense and civil industry. The azole-based metal complex and its polymers have been widely used in many fields of energetic materials such as the primary explosive, the high energy explosive, the rocket propellant and the firework. They have attracted more and more attention of energetic materials scientists from all over the world in recent years, and many different kinds of novel azole-based metal complexes have been designed, synthesized and reported. Therefore, in the present work, first of all, the theoretical design, experimental synthesis, performance evaluation and practical implications of imidazoles, pyrazoles, triazoles, tetrazoles, pentazoles-based energetic metal complexes have been reviewed. Then, some advanced strategies used to regulate the structure, optimize the synthesis and improve the performance are classified, while several existing problems are analyzed also. Finally, some potential development directions on the further theoretical and experiment investigations are pointed out.更多还原