【摘要】 荧光探针技术是近年来发展迅速的一种荧光分析方法,具有灵敏度高、选择性好、操作简便和响应迅速等特点,受到环境及生命科学领域的青睐。随着荧光探针技术的发展,近红外一区荧光探针由于具有发射波长长（600～900 nm）、对细胞损伤小、组织穿透性强和自发荧光背景低等优点,被广泛应用于细胞、组织等复杂生物体系中生物分子的检测、示踪及成像。本文评述了近年来（2016～2020年）近红外荧光探针对金属离子(Hg²⁺、Cu²⁺、Zn²⁺、Al³⁺、Fe³⁺)、生物小分子（Cys、N₂H₄、H₂S、H₂O₂）与生物大分子（亮氨酸氨基肽酶、β-半乳糖苷酶）等重要生物分子的检测及成像的研究进展,讨论了该类探针在细胞及活体的分析应用,并对近红外荧光探针的前景进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fluorescent probe analysis, as a rapidly developed analytical method with high sensitivity, good selectivity, and fast responsibility, has been favored in environmental and life science field. And near-infrared fluorescent probe is one of the most developed fluorescent probes. It has been widely employed in detection, tracking and imaging of biomolecules in complex biological systems such as cells and tissues due to its distinguished features including long emission wavelength（600 to 900 nm）, low cell damage, strong tissue penetration and low spontaneous fluorescence background. In this review, we summarize the development of near-infrared fluorescent probes in detection and imaging of metal ions(Hg²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Al³⁺, Fe³⁺), small biological molecules（Cys, N₂H₄, H₂S, H₂O₂）, biological macromolecules（Leucine aminopeptidase, β-galactosidase） and other important biological molecules in recent five years. We further give the in-depth discussion on the in vitro and in vivo analytical applications of near-infrared fluorescent probes, and propose their future perspectives.更多还原