【摘要】 基于湖南省武陵山片区2000、2005、2010、2015和2018年这5期土地利用数据,运用当量因子法估算研究区生态系统服务价值(ESV),借助ArcGIS软件中的渔网、冷热点分析等工具,探究土地利用与生态系统服务价值的时空演变特征。结果表明:(1)研究区内林地与耕地面积占总面积的90%以上,其中林地占70%以上,2000—2018年耕地面积持续性缩减,共缩减488.15 km~2,建设用地面积持续增大,共增大459.19 km~2,土地利用主要呈现"耕地转为林地与建设用地,林地转为耕地、草地及建设用地"的变化特征;(2)2000—2018年研究区ESV呈波动上升趋势,共增加55.668亿元,增长率为0.423%,其中水域ESV增加最多,为51.401亿元,林地次之,为44.996亿元,其余土地利用类型的ESV均呈下降趋势,单项ESV以气候调节、水文调节、土壤保持以及生物多样性为主,占总价值的60%以上;(3)5个时期内研究区的ESV在空间分布上具有较强的正向自相关性,2000—2018年增值热点区较为分散,热点主要分布在吉首市西南部、怀化市鹤城区以及会同县东南部,而损失冷点极少。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the land use data of the Wuling Mountain area,Hunan Province in 5 time phases (2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2018),this paper has used equivalent factor method to estimate ecosystem services value (ESV),and then use the fishnet,hot and cold spot analysis in ArcGIS to explore the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of land use and ecosystem service value in the Wuling Mountain area of Hunan Province.The results are showed as follows:(1) Forestland and farmland accounted for more than 90% of the total area of the study area among which forestland accounted for more than 70% and farmland accounted for more than 20%.From 2000 to 2018,the farmland area continuously decreased by 488.15 km~2,and the construction land area continuously increased by 459.19 km~2.Land use mainly presented the characteristics of changing from farmland to forestland or construction land as well as from forestland to farmland,grassland or construction land.(2) From 2000 to 2018,the overall ESV in the study area presented a fluctuating upward trend,totalling 5.5668 billion yuan of increase at the growth rate of 0.423%;the largest increase in ESV was water area,reaching 5.1401 billion yuan,the second was woodland,reaching 4.4996 billion yuan,while the ESV of the rest land use types showed a downward trend.The single ESV was dominated by climate regulation,hydrology regulation,soil conservation and biodiversity,accounting for more than 60% of the total value.(3) The spatial distribution of ESV in the study area in the five time phases had a strong positive autocorrelation.Meanwhile,the value-added hot spots were scattered,mainly distributed in the southwest of Jishou City,Hecheng district of Huaihua City and the southeast of Huitong County,while the cold spots with ESV loss were very few.更多还原