【摘要】 本文开展了不同立地条件、改造年度和施肥处理下毛竹笋用林出笋量和竹材产量的对比试验,以筛选出最佳处理组合,为毛竹笋用林丰产培育提供科学的技术支撑。结果表明:2016—2019年冬笋和春笋产量交替增加,其中大、小年冬笋产量分别增加了31.6%和32.8%,春笋产量分别增加了30.6%和40.5%,新竹平均胸径提高了20.5%,且均在处理后随着年份的增加而极显著提高（P=0.001<0.01）。对比同一措施下的出笋量和新竹胸径,冬笋和春笋产量在改造年度2011年、立地条件I级以及施专肥的林地均分别显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0.01）高于改造年度2013年、立地条件II级和施普肥的林地;但增幅与之相反,除改造年度外（P=0.000<0.01）,其余条件下增幅均不显著（P>0.05）;新竹胸径变化与笋产量相似,但增幅不显著（P>0.05）。主次因子分析表明,影响冬笋产量的因素主次顺序为立地等级（SG）>改造年度（PY）>肥料种类（FS）,影响春笋产量和新竹胸径的因素主次顺序为改造年度（PY）>肥料种类（FS）>立地等级（SG）,综合最佳处理组合为PY₁+SG₁+FS₁,即在改造时间长、立地条件好的林地配施毛竹专用肥对出笋和出材产量影响效果最佳。结合实际处理可知,该结果可靠。效益分析结果表明,产值、利润和收支比最高的处理组合均为PY₁+SG₁+FS₁。因此,本研究认为,改善经营措施对毛竹年度出笋量和竹材产量提高具有极显著的促进作用。对立地条件和改造年度已经确定的在建毛竹笋用林基地而言,提高产量的主要方法是施专用肥（养分配比为N∶P∶K=45∶20∶35）。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the present work, the comparative experiment for yield of moso bamboo（Phyllostachys edulis） shoot and timber based on compositive treatments of modification year, site condition, and fertilizer were conducted. The objective of this work is to obtain the optimal treatment combination, and provide technical support for high-yield cultivation of moso bamboo forest. The results indicated that yield of winter and spring bamboo shoots showed alternate increasing trends during 2016 and 2019.The winter shoot yield in great and off years had increasing ratios of 31.6% and 32.8%,while the spring shoot yield in great and off years increasing by 30.6% and 40.5%. The DBH of juvenile shoots increased by 20.5%, and highly increased with treatment time（P=0.001<0.01）.Comparing the indexes based on same treatment, the yields of shoot and timber in 2011 of modification year underclass I site condition with special fertilizer were significant（P<0.05） or highly significant（P<0.01） higher than in forest stands of 2013 of modification year under class II site condition forest with common fertilizer respectively, while the opposite trends were indicated in increasing rates, except modification year（P=0.000<0.01）.However, the other treatment factors showed no-significant increasing rates（P>0.05）.DBH had similar trends with the yields, except for unsignificant increasing rate（P>0.05）.From primary and secondary factor analysis, the affecting factor order for winter shoot yield was site condition（SG）>modification year（PY）>fertilizer variety（FS）, which for spring shoot yield and juvenile DBH both were modification year（PY）> fertilizer variety（FS）> site condition（SG）.The optimal treatment combination was PY₁+SG₁+FS₁, namely applied special fertilizer in longer modifying forest stand with class I site condition. The results was considered reliable combing the actual treatment. The results of benefit analysis showed that the treatment PY₁+SG₁+FS₁ had highest productive value, profit, and spending-to-assets ratio. The improving management treatment is benefit to promoting yield. Therefore, the effective method improving annual shoot and wood yield is applying special fertilizer for the shoot forest stand of moso bamboo with definite site condition and modification year（ratio of N ∶P ∶K is 45 ∶20 ∶35）.更多还原