【摘要】 通过面上调查、数据收集和实地调查相结合的方法,调查2020/21年榨季广西西南甘蔗苗情生长情况,面上调查包括查看资料,听取各市县糖业主管部门、企业及种植企业和蔗农的情况介绍;数据收集实地调查153个样点,其中新植蔗62个样点,宿根蔗91个样点;统计分析该蔗区甘蔗生产和苗期生长情况。结果表明,广西蔗区2020年1～5月平均气温偏高0.1～2.1℃,总降雨量比常年比偏多1～6成。百色、崇左和防城港蔗区甘蔗种植面积比2019/20年榨季分别增加0.97%、3.69%和6.08%,蔗区主栽品种为桂糖42号和柳城05-136,且增幅分别达到7.4%～78.7%和48.6%～116.0%,ROC22种植面积大幅减少,其中扶绥县下降幅度达81.1%。整体而言,桂西南各蔗区甘蔗长势均好于去年同期,其中崇左蔗区甘蔗株高最高,病害发生率最低,田间管理水平较高,甘蔗长势最好,预计2020/21年榨季桂南蔗区甘蔗比2019/20年榨季增产5%～10%左右。但也存在甘蔗生产成本高、主推的自育品种黑穗病严重、机械化程度低等问题,建议因地制宜不断优化甘蔗品种结构,农机农艺相结合,逐步降低甘蔗生产成本,打造循环种养模式,促进甘蔗产业发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to provide scientific basis for sugarcane production and management,the sugarcane crop growing situations of seedlings stage was carried out to survey on the southwest of Guangxi plantation in 2020/21 grinding season.General investigation,statistical data collection and field investigation were combined for the survey which general investigation was collected form sugar industry departments of government,companies and sugarcane farms,and field investigations were surveyed by 62 plant and 91 ratoon crops of total 153 samples.The results showed that the average of temperature was increased 0.1～2.1℃ on January.to May in 2020.And the total precipitation was more than the same period last year by 10%～60%.Comparing with 2019/20 grinding season,plantation area of Baise,Chongzuo and Fangchenggang were increase by 3.69%,0.97% and 6.08% in 2020/21 grinding season,respectively.Main cultivators of Guitang42 and Liucheng05-136 were increased of 7.4%～78.7% and 48.6%～116.0%,respectively,but the plantation area of ROC22 was largest decreased by 81.1% in Fushui county.Basic of the investigation,the sugarcane growing situation of southwest in Guangxi plantation is better than last year.Chongzuo had got the highest of plant height and the lowest of diseases and insects damage.It was suggested that adjusting the structure of sugarcane varieties to local sugarcane cultivation conditions,combining agricultural agronomic tech to machinery,reducing the sugarcane production costs gradually and increase economic benefits,creating planting & raising mode of circulation,and promoting the development of sugarcane industry.更多还原