【摘要】 目的分析江西省2015～2018年卫生资源配置的现状和公平性。方法收集2015～2018年江西省11个地级市的卫生机构数、床位数、卫生技术人员数、执业(助理)医师数、注册护士数等基本卫生资源配置指标,以及常住人口数、各地区生产总值、地理面积等数据。运用基尼系数、泰尔指数,分别从人口、地理面积、经济维度分析江西省卫生资源配置公平性,并与全国平均水平进行比较。结果 (1)2015～2018年,江西省床位数、卫生技术人员数、执业(助理)医师数、注册护士数等卫生资源配置总量及每千人口和每平方公里配置数均呈增长的趋势,但卫生机构数方面无论是总量还是每千人口和每平方公里配置数均呈下降趋势;2018年江西省每千人口卫生机构数高于全国平均水平,而每千常住人口床位数、卫生技术人员数、执业(助理)医师数、注册护士数均低于全国平均水平。(2)除卫生机构数外其他四项卫生资源基尼系数均为地理面积维度最高,经济维度次之,人口维度最低、公平性最好;泰尔指数分析结果表明,卫生资源按人口配置的公平性总体上优于按地理面积配置和按经济发展状况配置的公平性。(3)2018年江西省每千常住人口床位数、卫生技术人员数、执业(助理)医师数和注册护士数在赣北地区最高,赣东地区最低;每千人口卫生机构数在赣北地区最低,赣南地区最高,地区间卫生资源配置存在较大差异。结论 2015～2018年江西省卫生资源配置总量增加,但增长速度不足;卫生资源配置人口公平性优于地理面积和经济公平性;地区内卫生资源分布不均衡,地区间差异大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the current situation and equity of health resources allocation in Jiangxi Province between 2015 and 2018. Methods The indices of primary health resources allocation, including the number of health institutions, number of hospital beds, number of health technicians, number of licensed doctors/assistant doctors, and number of registered nurses, as well as the data of the number of permanent resident population, gross product of the areas, and geographic area, were collected from 11 prefecture-level cities of Jiangxi Province between 2015 and 2018. Using Gini coefficient and Theil index, the equity of health resources allocation in Jiangxi Province was analyzed from the perspectives of demographic, geographic and economic dimensions, and was compared with the national average level.Results(1)Between 2015 and 2018 in Jiangxi Province, the total allocation quantities of health resources such as the number of hospital beds, number of health technicians, number of licensed doctors/assistant doctors, and number of registered nurses, as well as the allocation quantity per 1 000 people/per square kilometer, were on the rise; however, as for the number of health institutions, no matter in the total allocation quantity or the allocation quantity per 1 000 people/per square kilometer, it showed a decline. In 2018, Jiangxi Province had a greater number of health institutions per 1 000 people and exhibited decreases in the number of permanent resident population per 1 000 people, number of health technicians per 1 000 people, number of licensed doctors/assistant doctors per 1 000 people, and number of registered nurses per 1 000 people as compared with the national average levels.(2)Except the number of health institutions, the remaining four health resources items all obtained the highest Gini coefficient in the geographic dimension followed by the economic dimension, presenting the lowest Gini coefficient and the best equity in the demographic dimension; the results of Theil index analysis demonstrated that, overall, the equity of health resources allocation by the demographic profiles was superior to that by the geographic profiles or by the economic development status.(3)In 2018, the number of hospital beds per 1 000 people, number of health technicians per 1 000 people, number of licensed doctors/associated doctors per 1 000 people, and number of registered nurses per 1 000 people ranked the highest in Ganbei region of Jiangxi Province and the lowest in Gandong region; the number of health institutions per 1 000 people ranked the lowest in Ganbei region of Jiangxi Province and the highest in Gannan region; health resources allocation greatly differed by region.Conclusion Between 2015 and 2018, Jiangxi Province sees increases in the total allocation quantities of health resources which do not grow faster enough; the equity of health resources allocation by demographic profiles is superior to that by geographic or economic profiles; imbalance and a big gap of health resources allocation exist between regions.更多还原