【摘要】 目的分析抗菌药物不良反应(ADR)发生的主要因素,探索相应预防措施。方法对云浮市人民医院2018—2020年上报的抗菌药物不良反应报告进行回顾性分析,收集患者年龄、性别、临床诊断、给药途径、使用抗菌药物的种类、不良反应发生情况等数据资料,统计分析抗菌药物的使用情况,并进行抗菌药物的合理性评价,确立导致ADR发生的主要因素,提出可行的预防措施。结果上报的160例抗菌药物ADR中,62例为65岁以上患者,占比38.75%;142例为静脉注射给药,占比88.75%;引起ADR的抗菌药物前三位是头孢菌素类、喹诺酮类、青霉素类,占比分别为26.87%、26.25%、15.63%;迟发性药物不良反应43例,占26.87%;不合理使用抗菌药物9例,占5.63%。结论引起抗菌药物ADR发生的原因复杂,与抗菌药物(选用)种类、给药途径及合理应用密切相关,提出可行性预防措施对临床减少抗菌药物ADR的发生及促进抗菌药物合理使用意义重大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the main factors for the occurrence of antibiotic adverse drug reactions(ADRs) and to investigate the corresponding preventive measures. Methods The ADRs reports of antibiotics reported in People’s Hospital of Yunfu City from 2018 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The data of patients’ age, gender, clinical diagnosis, route of administration, types of antibiotics used, and the occurrence of ADRs was collected. The usage of antibiotics was analyzed statistically, and the rationality of antibiotics was evaluated. The main factors leading to ADRs were identified, and feasible preventive measures were put forward. Results In the 160 cases of reported ADRs on antibiotics, there were 62 cases over 65 years old, accounting for 38.75%. There were 142 cases treated with intravenous injection, accounting for 88.75%. The top three antibiotics causing ADRs were cephalosporins, quinolones and penicillin, accounting for 26.87%, 26.25% and 15.63%, respectively. There were 43 cases with delayed occurrence in ADRs, accounting for 26.87%. And there were 9 cases using antibiotics irrationally, accounting for 5.63%. Conclusion The causes of antibiotic ADRs are complex, and they are closely related to the types of antibiotics(option), route of administration and rational application. It is of great significance to put forward feasible preventive measures to reduce the occurrence of antibiotic ADRs and promote the rational application of antibiotics.更多还原