【摘要】 基于三维荧光光谱随荧光有机物的种类和浓度的不同与水体或污染排放源呈现对应关系的特性,水质荧光指纹溯源技术能够通过水体的三维荧光信号追溯污染排放源。以我国南方C市地表水A河为主要研究对象,利用水质荧光指纹溯源技术对A河及其上游来水方向J河进行了水质荧光指纹特征解析和污染排放源溯源。A河水质荧光指纹主要包括三个特征荧光峰,其[激发波长,发射波长]分别为[280,320],[235,345]和[255,460] nm,其上、中、下游水质指纹之间相似度均大于99%,具有典型的印染废水污染特征。A河上游由J河分流汇入,J河水质荧光指纹与A河相似度低于60%,且强度不超过A河的40%。J河对A河水质荧光指纹形成过程的影响较小,A河的荧光强度主要由A河上游区域贡献。溯源结果表明,A河河水与A河上游印染纺织工业园区的印染废水水质荧光指纹相似度为94%, A河污染很可能来自其上游未经处理的印染废水的排放。A河和J河河水水质荧光指纹各荧光峰强度与高锰酸盐指数的线性相关系数R~2分别达到0.956 4, 0.937 5和0.985 4,而水质荧光指纹法感知污染的灵敏度更高。与其他三维荧光光谱相似度算法的结果对比表明,水质荧光指纹溯源技术是一种可靠的水环境监管技术,能够为进一步实现污染源头治理和环境精细化管理提供有力的技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the speciality of the corresponded relationship between three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum and water bodies or pollution discharge sources, which were relied on the variation of the species and concentrations of fluorescent organic matters, the technique of aqueous fluorescence fingerprint can be applied in pollution discharge identification by the three-dimensional fluorescent characteristic of the water body. In this study, a case was carried out mainlyin River A of City C, southern China, in which the technique of aqueous fluorescence fingerprint was applied to identify the characteristics of the aqueous fluorescence finger print and pollution discharge. The aqueous fluorescence fingerprint of River A showed a prominent characteristic of textile wastewater pollution with three typical fluorescent peaks on [excitation, emission] wavelength of [280, 320], [235, 345] and [255, 460] nm and the similarities among up-, mid-and down-stream of River A were all over 99%. River J diverts into River A from the source of River A. The similarity between River J and A was lower than 60%, and the fluorescent intensity of River J was not more than 40% of River A, which indicated that River J had little influence on the formation process of the aqueous fluorescent fingerprint of River A, and the fluorescence intensity of River A is mainly contributed by its upstream region. River A’s pollution might come from the textile wastewater of the printing and dyeing textile industrial park in upstream area, with the aqueous fluorescence fingerprint similarity index of 94%. The linear correlation indexes between the fluorescent peak intensity and the permanganate index of river water were 0.956 4, 0.937 5 and 0.985 4, respectively, and the aqueous fluorescence fingerprint method showed higher sensitivity in pollution perception. Compared with the results of other three-dimensional fluorescence spectral similarity algorithms, the technique of aqueous fluorescence fingerprint for water quality is a reliable water environment monitoring technology and provided a useful tool for the further achievement of pollution source control and precise environmental supervision.更多还原