【摘要】 采用低温反应熔渗工艺,以Zr₂Cu合金为熔渗金属,在密度为（1.25±0.05） g/cm³的毡基C/C复合材料中引入ZrC+Cu组分,以提高其抗氧化烧蚀性能。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、光学显微镜（OM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）,分析C/C-ZrC-Cu复合材料的相组成与微观结构,在氧-乙炔环境下考核材料的抗烧蚀性能。结果表明,C/C-ZrC-Cu复合材料形成了三维网络状（热解碳+ZrC+Cu）混合基体结构,热解碳可以有效防护高温金属熔体对碳纤维造成的损伤,Zr C和Cu的引入有效改善了抗烧蚀性能,氧乙炔烧蚀120 s后,线烧蚀率从毡基C/C复合材料的9.0×10^-3mm/s降低为-1.0×10^-3mm/s,主要归因于材料表面形成了相对完整的ZrO₂保护层和Cu的发汗冷却作用,对应的氧化烧蚀机制主要为Zr C、C等氧化引起的热氧化烧蚀和Cu熔化、挥发等引起的热物理烧蚀。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to improve the anti-ablation performance,ZrC and Cu were introduced into the integral felt C/C composites with a density of（ 1.25±0.05） g/cm³ by reaction melt infiltration method using Zr₂Cu alloy. The phase composition and microstructure of the as-fabricated C/C-ZrC-Cu composites were analyzed by X-ray diffraction（ XRD）,optical microscope（ OM） and scanning electron microscope（ SEM）,and the ablation properties were tested using oxyacetylene torch. The results showed that a threedimensional network structure of the mixed matrix composed of pyrolytic carbon,ZrC and Cu,was observed in the as-prepared C/C-ZrC-Cu composites. The designed pyrolytic carbon matrix could protect the fibers from erosion of liquid metal in high temperature.The introduction of ZrC and Cu into integral felt C/C composites was effective to improve their ablation resistance. After ablation for 120 s,the linear ablation rate decreased from 9.0×10^-3 mm/s of integral felt C/C composites to-1.0×10^-3 mm/s,owing to the formation of relatively complete ZrO₂ protecting layer and the transpiration cooling of Cu. The main ablation mechanisms of C/C-ZrCCu composite were synergistic effects of thermo-oxidation ablation（ such as the oxidizing reaction of ZrC and C） and the thermophysics ablation（ e.g. the melting and volatilization of Cu）.更多还原