【摘要】 墙体发霉不仅影响房屋使用,也严重威胁人体健康,在我国南方湿热气候地区尤为突出。研究了泥炭藓/硅藻土复合调湿材料及其组分,以及抑菌剂MgO、纳米MgO对宛式拟青霉、出芽短梗霉和黄曲霉的抑制作用,在此基础上研究复合MgO后的调湿材料对黄曲霉的抑制改进作用。采用紫外-可见分光光度计及超微量分光光度计分析活性O₂^-及菌丝核酸渗漏。采用TEM、ESEM、EDS分析菌丝和孢子的形状和成分变化,探究抑制霉菌机理。研究表明,调湿材料对宛式拟青霉、出芽短梗霉具有良好的抑制作用,对黄曲霉抑制较弱。复合MgO后可以大大提高泥炭藓/硅藻土复合调湿材料对霉菌的抑制作用。泥炭藓/硅藻土复合调湿材料中钒铁渣和MgO产生的活性O₂^-具有强氧化性,可以破坏霉菌菌丝和孢子的细胞壁、细胞膜,改变其通透性,造成细胞内部结构损伤,影响霉菌细胞正常代谢,甚至导致霉菌细胞死亡。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wall mildew not only affects the use of houses, but also seriously threatens human health, especially in hot and humid areas in southern China. In the paper, the mold-inhibiting properities of thesphagnum/diatomite composite humidity-controlling materials and its components, and bacteriostatic agent MgO and nano MgO on the molds of Paecilomyces varioti, Aureobasidium pullulans and Aspergillus flavus were studied. On the basis of this research, the improvement effect of the humidity-controlling materials compounded with MgO on the mold inhibition of the Aspergillus flavus was studied. UV-visible spectrophotometer and ultramicro spectrophotometer were used to analyze the active O₂^- and the nucleic acid leakage of the hyphae. TEM, ESEM and EDS were used to analyze the changes of the morphology and omposition of mold’s hyphaes and spores. The mechanism of inhibiting mold was explored by the methods above. The results show that compounding MgO could greatly improve the inhibition effect of sphagnum/diatomite composite humidity-controlling materials on molds. The active O₂^- produced by vanadium iron slag in the sphagnum/diatomite composite humidity-controlling materials and MgO has strong oxidation ability, which can damage the cell wall and membrane of mold’s hyphaes and spores. The O₂^- damages the permeability of the hyphaes and spores, which destroys the internal structure of mold cells, and obstructs the normal metabolism of the mold cells, and even causes the death of the cells.更多还原