【摘要】 锂离子电池具有轻巧、能量密度高、循环寿命长等优点,广泛用于便携式电子设备、电动汽车以及能量存储领域。隔膜作为锂离子电池的关键部件之一,承担着隔离正负极以防止电池短路、为锂离子自由穿梭提供通道的作用,决定了电池的安全性和电化学性能。常用的聚烯烃类隔膜具有良好的力学性能、化学稳定性及低廉的成本,但受自身耐热性差、电解液吸收率与保液率低的限制,难以满足锂离子电池的高安全性和高性能要求。文中从隔膜的制备工艺、表面改性、本征性能以及电化学活化4个方面,阐述了高性能锂离子电池用聚合物隔膜的研究进展,并展望其发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in the fields of the portable electronics, electric vehicles, and electric storage reservoirs, owing to their light mass, high energy density and long cycling battery life. Battery separators physically separate the positive and negative electrodes to prevent the short circuit within batteries, while permitting the free flow of lithium-ions. Therefore, the separator is the crucial factor determining the safety and electrochemical properties of lithium-ion batteries. The polyolefin separators have been commonly used due to their good mechanical strength, chemical stability and low cost. However, their poor thermal stability, low wettability and poor electrolyte retention properties restrict the realization of safety and high performance for lithium-ion batteries. In this review, research progresses of polymer separators for high-performance lithium-ion batteries were summarized from the aspects of fabrication process, surface modification, intrinsic performance, and electrochemical activation of the separators. The outlook and future directions of the polymer separators for high-performance lithium-ion batteries were also given.更多还原