【摘要】 目的采用电切法建立小鼠皮肤线形深Ⅱ°烫伤模型,观察线形烫伤切口边缘的形态和组织损伤的深度,探讨该方法的可行性和可控性。方法采用10～12周龄Balb/C小鼠,腹腔麻醉后对背部皮肤经脱毛处理,俯卧位固定于操作平台。高频电刀阴极板卷曲包绕鼠尾,开启高频电刀,将电切档调节到15～18 J。用镊子提起小鼠背部全层皮肤,采用针式电刀尖头刺入皮内,匀速纵向划出1 cm长切口,单层无菌纱布覆盖伤口。于术后12 h采用断髓法处死小鼠,取材烫伤部位全层皮肤标本(面积:1.0 cm×1.0 cm),常规行固定、脱水、石蜡包埋,沿着纵行切口断端平面平行切片(厚度5μm),所切组织贴近断缘处线形烫伤组织。HE染色观察组织学形态。结果 HE染色显示,线形伤口创面可准确累及全层皮肤,镜下表现为烫伤深度达"皮肤真皮网状层和部分皮下组织层",包括皮肤肌层。断面形态学观察可见:表皮和真皮网状层因烫伤瞬间能量释放引起的组织凝固性坏死;表皮内的毛芽和真皮内毛囊、毛干结构消失;真皮内的胶原蛋白液化、空泡变形;损伤可部分累积皮肤肌层,肌纤维出现断裂;皮下组织反应性增厚,有炎症细胞浸润。结论外科高频电刀电切法可制备细胞和组织损伤深度符合线形皮肤深Ⅱ°烫伤的小鼠模型,具有稳定可靠、简单易行、造模周期短、实用性较好的优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To introduce and describe establishment of linear thermal injury-induced deep partial-thickness burn wound models in mice dorsal skin, and to observe the morphology of wound edge and injury depth, as well as investigate its feasibility and manipulability. Methods Balb/C mice aged 10-12 weeks were obtained for anesthesia and dorsal skin was exposed after shaving, which were fixed to the operating platform by prone position. The high frequency electrosurgical scalpel plate curled around the tail(15-18 J working energy).The whole skin of the mice back was lifted with tweezers, and the needle type electric knife tip was inserted into the skin to draw a 1 cm long incision uniformly and longitudinally. The wound was covered with sterile gauze. The mice were sacrificed by breaking neck at 12 h after operation. Full-layer skin specimens(wound area: 1.0 cm×1.0 cm) were collected from the scalded area, followed by 4% paraformaldehyde fixation, dehydration, embedding, sectioning(5 μm thickness), which was close to the broken edge of linear scald tissue. Histological structure was observed by HE staining. Results HE staining showed that linear wound could accurately injury the whole skin layer and depth of burn was as deep as "dermal reticular layer and part of subcutaneous tissue layer" including muscular layer in skin through microscopical observation. Cross-sectional morphological observation showed that coagulation necrosis of tissue in epidermis and dermal reticular layer caused by instantaneous energy release by scald. The hair bud and hair follicle in epidermis disappeared and vacuole deformation were observed in dermis, partial accumulation of skin muscle layer. Breakage of muscle fibers in dermis, hypertrophy with infiltration of inflammatory cells were observed. Conclusion The use of high frequency electrosurgical scalpel is an easy and reliable, short modeling period and practical advantages approach to establish of linear thermal injury-induced burn wound models in mice dorsal skin, presenting stable controlling and accurate deep partial-thickness in tissue injury and depth.更多还原