【摘要】 该文根据对琼州海峡东部海域2016年9月（秋季）、2017年2月（冬季）和4月（春季）3个季度的表层海水以及2016年9月表层沉积物中石油烃的调查结果，研究和分析了琼州海峡东部石油烃污染状况和分布特征。表层海水石油烃年际变化为未检出(ND)～0.032 mg/L，平均值为0.011 mg/L，低于国家海水水质一级标准（≤0.050 mg/L）限值。秋季整个调查海域石油烃区域差异不显著，平均含量在三季中最低。冬季和春季石油烃分布区域差异较大，铺前湾是相对的高值区，整个调查海域石油烃含量总体上呈现近岸高，向外海低的分布趋势。从三季调查结果看，琼州海峡东部海域表层海水中石油烃污染主要受陆源污染和船舶排污以及海域水动力条件等综合因素相互作用的结果。表层沉积物石油烃含量为ND～170.5 mg/kg，平均值为25.2 mg/kg，低于国家海洋沉积物质量一级标准（≤500.00 mg/kg）限值。由于受陆源污染和海域水动力较弱影响，铺前湾东寨港表层沉积物中石油烃含量显著高于其他海区。更多还原

【Abstract】 The contents and distribution of petroleum hydrocarbons were investigated in the surface water and sediment in the Eastern Qiongzhou Stait based on the data obtained in the seasons of autumn, winter and spring from 2016 to 2017. The mass concentrations of petroleum ranged from ND～0.032 mg/L with an average of 0.011 mg/L in surface water,which were lower than the Grade I of the national seawater standard, indicating that the sweater hadn’t been polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons. In autumn, the contents of petroleum hydrocarbons were on the whole low with no obviously different spatial distribution except for individual stations. In winter and spring, the contents of petroleum hydrocarbons were somewhat difference, which generally appeared a trend of high near shore. The seasonal and spatial distribution of petroleum hydrocarbons in surface water were mainly affected by land-based pollution, shipping waste, and hydrologic and hydrodynamic conditions. The contents of petroleum hydrocarbon sin surface sediment were ND～170.5 mg/kg, with an average value of 25.2 mg/kg, reaching a class of marine sediment quality standards. According to the spatial distribution, the higher values appeared in Dongzai Port.更多还原