【摘要】 稀有金属伟晶岩主要分为LCT (Li-Cs-Ta)型和NYF (Nb-Y-F)型,其中LCT型伟晶岩是全球重要锂矿来源。本文分析了全球伟晶岩型锂矿床的地质勘查和研究成果,简要介绍了各大陆代表性伟晶岩型锂矿床,发现锂矿空间分布不均匀,成矿时间具有多期性和阶段性,成矿事件主要发生在汇聚造山作用的晚期,伴随超大陆汇聚事件。LCT型伟晶岩富含挥发分,与后碰撞S型花岗岩密切相关,多产于中高级变质岩区,就位深度较大,多沿断裂构造贯入。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pegmatites containing rare metals are classified into LCT(Lithium-Cesium-Tantalum) and NYF(Niobium-Yttrium-Fluorine) types, with the LCT type being the world’s most important source of lithium. In this contribution we review the global progress in geological exploration and study of the pegmatite-type lithium deposits, and briefly introduce representative deposits from different continents. It is noted that the pegmatite-type lithium deposits are heterogeneous spatial distribution. Temporally, the mineralization shows multistage and episodic features. Most of the LCT-type pegmatites were formed during late-stage of the convergent orogenies, and possibly associated with the supercontinent assembly. The LCT pegmatites are generally enriched in volatile components, genetically related to post-collisional S-type granites, spatially hosted in metamorphic rocks, and deeply seated along fault structures.更多还原