【摘要】 有机朗肯循环(Organic Rankine cycle, ORC)系统是一种回收内燃机余热的有效方案之一,目前受到越来越多的关注。由于内燃机余热形式多样,温度梯度大且存在变温特性,基本有机朗肯循环用于回收内燃机余热有一定难度。本文对内燃机有机朗肯循环系统的相关研究进行了综述,以余热最佳匹配循环为基础,分别从工质和系统结构方面对比分析了超临界ORC,混合工质ORC,双回路ORC和添加额外回路ORC四种方案。采用温熵(T-S)图映射法,根据有机朗肯循环与理想循环的接近度,总结了多种有机朗肯循环系统用于内燃机余热回收的潜力。分析发现在相同的循环系统下,具有较高临界点的工质和有较大的温度滑移的混合工质更有优势,相同工质下,双回路ORC和添加额外回路的ORC是解决内燃机余热波动的合理方案之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 Organic Rankine cycle(ORC) is a reasonable solution to recover the waste heat of internal combustion engines. Currently, it has received more and more attention. Due to the various forms of waste heat of internal combustion engine, large temperature gradients and variable temperature characteristics, it is somewhat difficult to apply the basic Organic Rankine cycle to recover the waste heat of internal combustion engine. This article summarized the related research on ORC system of internal combustion engine. Based on the optimal matching cycle of waste heat, four schemes of supercritical ORC, mixed working fluid ORC, double circuit ORC and additional circuit ORC were compared and analyzed respectively from the aspects of working fluid and system structure. Based on the approximation between ORC and ideal cycle, the potential of various ORC systems for waste heat recovery of internal combustion engine was summarized by using the temperature entropy(T-S) mapping method. It is found that in the same circulation system, the working fluid with higher critical point and the mixed working fluid with larger temperature slip have more advantages. Under the same working fluid, the double circuit ORC and the ORC with additional circuit are one of the reasonable solutions to the residual heat fluctuation of internal combustion engine.更多还原