【摘要】 震害是桥梁抗震研究的第一手资料,值得认真学习及反复思考桥梁抗震发展历史与趋势。文中梳理了21世纪以来桥梁震害情况,它们大多依现代结构分析理论及抗震规范设计,以期能对桥梁震害在整体上获得更客观和深刻的认识,甚至发现新的研究问题以供讨论。以美国地震工程研究学会(earthquake engineering research institute, EERI)的(learning from earthquake, LFE)项目地震资料为主,展示了近20年出现的桥梁典型性震害并进行初步的评价。最后得出结论和建议:隔震桥梁宜增强其位移控制能力;建议将液化和地质次生灾害融入地震烈度区划图;发展指导新桥设计与旧桥加固相统一的基于性能设计方法;增强对近(跨)断层与桥梁基础抗震相关问题的研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The field research data of bridge earthquake damages is the first-hand data for bridge seismic research, which is worth to learn repeatedly and consider the history and trend of seismic design of bridge. To make a more objective and deeper understanding of bridges seismic damages holistically and find new hot research topics, bridges seismic damages in the 21 st century are arranged, most of which are design based on modern structural analysis theory and design code. Basing on Learning from Earthquake(LFE) project of Earthquake Engineering Research Institute(EERI), typical earthquake damages in recent 20 years are showed and evaluated preliminarily. Several viewpoints are raised that the displacement controlling ability of isolated bridge should be enhanced; the effects of earthquake induced liquefaction and geological disaster should be taken in the set of seismic zoning maps; performance-based seismic design of bridges need to developed as the guide lines of bridge seismic design and retrofit; more seismic study need to be developed aiming to near/crossing fault bridges and bridge foundations.更多还原