【摘要】 进入新世纪以来,全球环境问题日益突出,气候变暖日益严重,极端天气愈加频繁,加上人类不合理的地下空间开发与过度建设,导致了大量地质灾害的发生。我国每年因地质灾害而造成的伤亡人数与经济损失情况排在世界前列,对我国地质灾害的研究已成为了我国防灾减灾的重中之重。因此,作者基于《中国统计年鉴》与《全国地质灾害通报》发布的地质灾害数据,以2009—2019年我国发生的地质灾害为对象,从年际变化与空间分布两个角度,详细分析了过去十年我国地质灾害发生与损失的情况,结论如下:(1)我国地灾发生数量除2010年异常外,年际变化曲线波动不大且呈现出减少的趋势,每年5月到9月为地灾多发期;(2)我国地灾在空间分布上,整体呈现出"西群东单,南多北少,中西南频繁"的规律;(3)我国地灾造成的伤亡人数与直接经济损失,在年际变化上是剧烈波动起伏的,在空间分布上,呈现出明显的地域性与差异性。针对以上研究结果,作者还对我国今后的地灾防治部署提出了几点合理的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the beginning of the new century,global environmental problems have become increasingly prominent,climate warming is becoming more and more serious,extreme climate is becoming more and more frequent, coupled with the unreasonable development and over construction of underground space, leading to a large number of geological disasters. The number of casualties and economic losses caused by geological disasters in China ranks first in the world every year. The research on geological disasters in China has become the top priority of disaster reduction and prevention in China. Therefore,based on the geological disaster data released by China Statistical Yearbook and national geological disaster bulletin,the author takes the geological disasters occurred in China from 2009 to 2019 as the object,and analyzes the occurrence and loss of geological disasters in China in the past ten years from the perspectives of interannual change and spatial distribution. The conclusions are as follows:(1) the number of geological disasters in China is abnormal in 2010. The interannual variation curve fluctuates little and shows a decreasing trend;the period from May to September every year is the period of frequent occurre-nce of geological disasters;(2)On the whole, the spatial distribution of geohazards in China shows the rule of“the West Group is simple in the East,more in the South than in the north,and frequent in the middle and southwest”;(3) The number of casualties and direct economic losses caused by the earthquake in China fluctuate violently in the annual change, and in the spatial distribution, it shows obvious regional and difference. According to the above research results, the author also puts forward some reasonable suggestions for the future deployment of disaster prevention and control in China.更多还原