【摘要】 目的探讨晚期早产双胎新生儿（LPT）及早期足月双胎新生儿（ETT）围生期常见临床合并症情况。方法回顾性分析246例LPT及496例ETT孕母及新生儿期合并症情况,分析比较 LPT发生的独立危险因素,并按胎龄分为34～34⁺⁶周组（n=44）、35～35⁺⁶周组（n=70）、36～36⁺⁶周组（n=132）、37～37⁺⁶周组（n=390）、38～38⁺⁶周组（n=106）,比较各组新生儿围生期合并症情况。结果孕母妊娠高血压、孕母血小板减少、前置胎盘和胎膜早破为LPT发生的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。LPT组呼吸系统疾病、喂养不耐受、低血糖症等发生率均高于ETT组（P<0.05）。34～34⁺⁶周组新生儿窒息发生率高于37～37⁺⁶周组、38～38⁺⁶周组,败血症发生率高于36～36⁺⁶周组（P<0.0045）;34～34⁺⁶周组、35～35⁺⁶周组新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、新生儿呼吸暂停、新生儿贫血发生率均高于其他3组,新生儿肺炎、低血糖症、败血症发生率高于37～37⁺⁶周组、38～38⁺⁶周组（P<0.0045）;35～35⁺⁶周组喂养不耐受发生率高于36～36⁺⁶周组、37～37⁺⁶周组、38～38⁺⁶周组（P<0.0045）;36～36⁺⁶周组低血糖症发生率低于34～34⁺⁶周组,高于37～37⁺⁶周组（P<0.0045）。结论相比于ETT,LPT围生期合并症发生率较高;不同胎龄LPT及ETT围生期合并症不同,应重视对不同胎龄双胎儿的个体化监测及合理治疗。[中国当代儿科杂志,2021,23（3）:242-247]更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the perinatal complications of late preterm twins （LPTs） versus early term twins （ETTs）.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the complications of 246 LPTs,496 ETTs,and their mothers.The risk factors for late preterm birth were analyzed.According to gestational age,the twins were divided into five groups:34-34⁺⁶ weeks （n=44）,35-35⁺⁶ weeks （n=70）,36-36⁺⁶ weeks （n=132）,37-37⁺⁶ weeks （n=390）,and 38-38⁺⁶ weeks （n=106）.The perinatal complications were compared between groups.Results Maternal hypertension,maternal thrombocytopenia,placenta previa,and premature rupture of membranes were independent risk factors for late preterm birth in twins （P<0.05）.The LPT group had higher incidence rates of respiratory diseases,feeding intolerance,and hypoglycemia than the ETT group （P<0.05）.The 34-34⁺⁶ weeks group had a higher incidence rate of neonatal asphyxia than the 37-37⁺⁶ weeks and 38-38⁺⁶ weeks groups;and had a higher incidence rate of septicemia than 36-36⁺⁶ weeks group （P<0.0045）.The 34-34⁺⁶ weeks and 35-35⁺⁶ weeks groups had higher incidence rates of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,neonatal apnea,and anemia than the other three groups;and had higher incidence rates of neonatal pneumonia,hypoglycemia and septicemia than the 37-37⁺⁶ weeks and 38-38⁺⁶ weeks groups （P<0.0045）.The 35-35⁺⁶ weeks group had a higher incidence rate of feeding intolerance than the 36-36⁺⁶ weeks,37-37⁺⁶ weeks,and 38-38⁺⁶ weeks groups （P<0.0045）.The 36-36⁺⁶ weeks group had a lower incidence rate of hypoglycemia than the 34-34⁺⁶ weeks group and a higher incidence rate of hypoglycemia than the 37-37⁺⁶ weeks group （P<0.0045）.Conclusions Compared with ETTs,LPTs have an increased incidence of perinatal complications.The incidence of perinatal complications is associated with gestational ages in the LPTs and ETTs.[Chin J Contemp Pediatr,2021,23（3）:242-247]更多还原