【摘要】 根据长期野外调查数据及相关环境变量,利用MaxEnt模型对陕西黄龙山及其周边区县同域分布的褐马鸡(Crossoptilon mantchuricum)、环颈雉(Phasianus colchicus)的适宜生境进行预测,并分析2个物种的生境需求及重叠状况。结果表明:2个物种的适宜生境分布格局相似,主要分布在陕西黄龙山林区及周边区县,适宜生境面积分别为1 268.75、2 218.37 km~2,适宜生境重叠面积为1 162.63 km~2,分别占褐马鸡、环颈雉适宜生境总面积的91.64%、52.41%。2个物种在陕西延安黄龙山保护区的适宜面积分别为549.35、745.88 km~2,分别占该保护区面积的60.58%、82.25%,且在黄龙县适宜生境重叠面积最大,其次是韩城市、宜川县、洛川县。2个物种对环境因子的选择表现出相似性和一定差异性。相似性表现为:对2个物种生境分布影响较大的环境因子是最湿月降水量、到道路距离、最湿季降水量。差异性表现为:对于最湿季降水量,环颈雉比褐马鸡适应范围更广;对于到道路距离,褐马鸡比环颈雉适应范围更广。此外,最热月最高像元温度对环颈雉影响较大,而最冷季降水量和最热季平均温度对褐马鸡影响较大。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the species presence data of long-term field survey and related environment variables layers, the potential habitat of brown-eared pheasant and the common pheasant were simulated by the MaxEnt model, and the habitat demand factors and overlap of the two species were also analyzed. Two species had similar distributions of suitable habitats, which were mainly distributed in the forest area of Huanglong Mountain and surrounding districts and counties of Shaanxi Province. The suitable habitat areas of two species were 1 268.75 and 2 218.37 km~2, respectively. The overlapping area was 1 162.63 km~2, accounting for 91.64% and 52.41% of the suitable habitat area of two species respectively. The suitable areas of two species in Huanglongshan Reserve of Yan’an, Shaanxi Province are 549.35 and 745.88 km~2, accounting for 60.58% and 82.25% of the total reserve area, respectively. Huanglong County of Shaanxi Province has the largest overlapping area, followed by Hancheng City, Yichuan and Luochuan County. The key environmental factors by two species showed similarity and difference. Precipitation of the wettest month, distance to road and precipitation of the wettest quarter had great influence on the habitat distribution of two species. However, for the precipitation of the wettest quarter, the common pheasant has a wider adaptation range than brown-eared pheasant, while for distance to road, brown-eared pheasant has a wider adaptation range than the common pheasant. Maximum temperature of the warmest month had a great impact on the common pheasants, while precipitation of the coldest quarter and mean temperature of the hottest quarter had a great impact on brown-eared pheasants.更多还原