【摘要】 长春市绿地具有丰富的乡土地被植物资源,为揭示城市乡土地被植物物种组成与多样性特征,本研究以长春市595块样地为对象,调查了乡土地被植物种类、群落郁闭度、高度、密度和盖度,测定了有代表性样地土壤理化性质。研究结果表明,长春市各类绿地共有乡土园林地被植物40科83属95种,百合科(Liliaceae)重要值为31.93%,占绝对优势,其次为菊科(Cmpositae)、堇菜科(Violaceae)和禾本科(Graminea)。乡土园林地被植物多样性在不同类型绿地和不同类型园林植物群落之间具有明显变化,公园绿地和针阔叶树混交群落多样性指数最高,道路绿地和针叶树混交群落均匀度指数最高。RDA排序结果显示,Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和Margalef指数与土壤全氮、有机质含量呈显著正相关关系(P <0.05),与群落郁闭度和土壤pH值呈显著负相关关系(P <0.05)。本研究结果对东北地区园林地被植物选择与应用具有参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Abundant native landscape cover plants exist in the green spaces of Changchun. To study the species composition and diversity of native landscape cover plants in Changchun, the species, crown density, height, density, and coverage were investigated using 595 samples, and the soil physical and chemical properties of typical samples were determined. The results showed that 95 species belonged to 40 families and 83 genera. The importance of Liliaceae was 31.93%, which was dominant among all families, followed by Cmpositae, Violaceae, and Gramineae. The diversities of native landscape cover plants among different type green spaces and communities changed obviously, and the park green spaces and coniferous and broad-leaved trees mixed communities had the highest diversity index, whereas the road green spaces and coniferous mixed communities had the highest evenness index. RDA results showed that there was a positive correlation in the Margalef index,Shannon-wiener index, and Simpson index between the soil total nitrogen and organic carbon(P < 0.05) and a native correlation between crown density and pH values. The results are expected to provide a certain reference value for the selection and application of landscape cover plants in northeast China.更多还原