【摘要】 通过在花生上施用钙肥研究对花生生长和产量的影响及其对土壤交换性钙的影响,为花生高产高效施肥提供依据。在冀东山麓平原滦河冲积扇有花生生产区,采用田间肥料定位试验,研究花生上施用钙肥0、37.5、75、150、300 kg/hm~2的产量效应、不同钙肥用量对花生钙素吸收和土壤交换性钙含量的影响。结果表明:与不施用钙肥处理比较,钙肥用量37.5、75、150、300 kg/hm~2花生苗期生物量增加5.3%、11.1%、17.3%、25.5%,花期(下针期)增加4.4%、11.6%、18.4%、19.5%,结荚期增加14.9%、23.4%、19.2%、6.7%,产量增加8.0%、12.0%、8.5%、3.9%,产量构成因素中单株果数增加1.8、3.2、2.0、0.3个,百果重增加6.4%、13.4%、9.5%、5.9%。施用钙肥显著增加花生苗期和收获期钙含量,与不施用钙肥处理比较,钙肥用量37.5、75、150、300 kg/hm~2处理苗期钙含量增加0.04、0.08、0.11、0.14个百分点,收获期花生秧钙含量增加0.06、0.11、0.14、0.16个百分点;花生壳增加0.04、0.08、0.09、0.10个百分点;花生仁增加0.02、0.05、0.07、0.08个百分点。燕山山麓平原滦河冲积扇区域施用钙肥显著增加花生营养生长和产量,施用钙肥主要通过增加花生单株果数和百果重增产。钙在花生上产量效应符合报酬递减律,基于其效应函数计算花生最高产量钙肥用量为160.0 kg/hm~2。施用钙肥显著增加土壤交换性钙含量,土壤交换性钙与钙肥用量呈显著正相关关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 To study the effect of applying calcium fertilizer on peanuts on the growth and yield of peanuts and its effect on soil exchangeable calcium, so as to provide a basis for high-yield and high-efficiency fertilization of peanuts. In the peanuts production area of Luanhe alluvial fan in the foothills of Jidong Mountain, the field fertilizer experiment was used to study the yield effect of calcium fertilizer 0, 37.5, 75, 150, 300 kg/hm~2 on peanuts, and the effect of different calcium fertilizer rates on peanuts of calcium absorption and soil exchangeable calcium content.Compared with the treatment without calcium fertilizer, the biomass of peanut seedling stage increased by 5.3%,11.1%, 17.3%, 25.5% at the dosage of calcium fertilizer 37.5, 75, 150, 300 kg/hm~2, and the flowering stage(lower needle stage) increased 4.4%, 11.6%, 18.4%, 19.5%, the pod setting period increased by 14.9%, 23.4%,19.2%, 6.7%, and the yield increased by 8.0%, 12.0%, 8.5%, 3.9%. The number of pods per plant in the yield component increased 1.8, 3.2, 2.0, 0.3, and the 100-pod weight increased by 6.4%, 13.4%, 9.5%, 5.9%. The application of calcium fertilizer significantly increased the calcium content of peanuts at the seedling and harvest stage. Compared with the treatment without calcium fertilizer, the calcium content of the seedling stage increased by 0.04, 0.08, 0.11, and 0.14 percentage points in the treatment of 37.5, 75, 150, 300 kg/hm~2 with calcium fertilizer.During the harvest period, the calcium content of peanut seedlings increased by 0.06, 0.11, 0.14, 0.16 percentage points; peanut shells increased by 0.04, 0.08, 0.09, 0.10 percentage points; peanut kernels increased by 0.02, 0.05, 0.07,0.08 percentage points. The application of calcium fertilizer in the Luanhe alluvial fan area of the Yanshan piedmont plain significantly increased the vegetative growth and yield of peanuts. The application of calcium fertilizer mainly increased the number of pods per plant and the 100-pod weight of peanuts. The effect of calcium on peanut yield conforms to the law of diminishing returns. Based on its effect function, the maximum yield of peanut calcium fertilizer was calculated to be 160.0 kg/hm~2. The application of calcium fertilizer significantly increased the content of soil exchangeable calcium, and there was a significant positive correlation between soil exchangeable calcium and the amount of calcium fertilizer.更多还原