【摘要】 拉美、中国和欧美所组成的生产系统构成了"边缘—半边缘—中心"的国际分工体系。在产业关联视角下,全球价值链分工对三方碳排放的影响有待厘清。基于多区域投入产出模型,作者采用区域假设抽取法测算了拉美、中国和欧美之间的后向碳关联规模及强度,分析了本地企业和外资企业在产业碳关联中的角色差异。研究表明:(1)2005—2016年,欧美发达国家的后向碳关联规模呈现下降趋势,拉美国家和中国的后向碳关联规模则呈现增长趋势;(2)各国双边后向碳关联强度整体上趋于下降,拉美国家对中国的后向碳关联强度显著增大;(3)相比于在华外资企业,拉美和欧美对中国本地企业的后向碳关联规模和强度较大,中国对拉美国家的后向碳关联集中在双方本地企业之间,而中国本地企业和在华外资企业对欧盟和美国本地企业的后向碳关联规模较大。最后,作者从绿色高质量发展的角度提出了拉美国家、中国和欧美发达国家价值链升级的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The production system consisting of the Latin American region, China, and western developed countries is a case of the international division of labor between core, semi-periphery, and periphery areas. From the perspective of industrial linkages, the impact of division of labor under global value chains on the carbon emissions of the three parties remains to be clarified. Based on the multi-regional input-output model, the authors employ the regional hypothetical extraction method to estimate the scale and intensity of backward carbon linkages between the Latin American region, China, and western developed countries and analyze the roles of domestic and foreign firms in the carbon linkages. The results show that the backward carbon linkages of western developed countries decreased during 2005-2016, while those of Latin American countries and China displayed an upward trend. The bilateral backward carbon linkage intensities decreased across countries in general, while Latin American countries significantly increased their backward carbon linkage intensities to China. The scale and intensity of backward carbon linkages from Latin American and western developed countries to Chinese domestic firms were greater than those to foreign firms in China. China’s backward carbon linkages to Latin American countries were concentrated between domestic firms on both sides. The backward carbon linkages of Chinese domestic and foreign firms to domestic firms in the EU and United States were relatively large. Finally, the authors put forward policy recommendations in terms of upgrading in value chains for Latin American countries, China, and western developed countries, from the perspective of green and high-quality development.更多还原