【摘要】 随着我国经济和工业的高速发展,化学石膏（磷石膏、烟气脱硫石膏、钛石膏等）的年排放量日益增长,这些化学石膏通常以堆积填埋的方式处理,占用大量土地,严重污染大气和地下水。最有前景和效益的处理方式是将化学石膏转化为α-半水石膏（α-CaSO₄·0.5H₂O,α-HH）。α-HH的性能和应用方向很大程度依赖于其形貌控制,其中短柱状和晶须状的α-HH因综合性能优越而尤为引人注目。本文在分析化学石膏处理现状的基础上,综述了国内外利用化学石膏制备短柱状和晶须状α-HH的研究进展。文章讨论了α-HH的制备方法,晶体形貌对α-HH性能及应用的影响和转晶剂对α-HH形貌的影响及相关机理,指出了现有制备方法的不足,并对未来α-HH制备工艺的发展进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of China’s economy and industry,the annual emissions of chemical gypsum （phosphogypsum,flue gas desulfurization gypsum,titanium gypsum,etc.） are increasing.Most of the chemical gypsum is deposited in landfill sites,which occupies a lot of land and seriously pollutes the atmosphere and groundwater.The most promising and effective treatment is to convert chemical gypsum intoα-calcium sulfate hemihydrate（α-CaSO₄·0.5H₂O，α-HH）.The performance and application direction ofα-HH largely depend on its morphology control.The short columnar and whisker-likeα-HH are particularly eye-catching due to its superior comprehensive performance.Based on the analysis of current status of chemical gypsum treatment,this paper reviews the research progress at home and abroad on the preparation of short columnar and whisker-likeα-HH with chemical gypsum.The paper discusses the preparation methods ofα-HH,the effect of crystal morphology on the performance and application ofα-HH,the effect of modifier on the crystal morphology ofα-HH and related mechanism.The shortcomings of existing preparation methods are pointed out,and the future development ofα-HH preparation process is prospected.更多还原