【摘要】 为明确有机栽培模式与常规栽培模式棉田中土壤节肢动物的多样性差异及其短期的动态变化。在不同月份分别从武汉博茂有机农业生态示范基地和孝感安陆市有机种植示范点2个试验点的有机栽培模式棉田和常规栽培模式棉田中采取土样,其中中大型节肢动物直接捕获,小型节肢动物用Tullgren法分离提取后显微鉴定,分析了土壤中节肢动物的种类和数量以及月动态变化。结果表明,在武汉博茂试验点棉田的土壤节肢动物捕获量明显多于孝感安陆试验点棉田,2个试验点在优势种群上较为固定,但有机栽培模式下的棉田土壤节肢动物数量明显多于常规栽培模式,且稀有种类数目较常规栽培模式要高;有机栽培模式下节肢动物多样性与常规栽培模式下在Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和优势集中性指数上并无差异,由此可知,有机栽培模式棉田节肢动物多样性比常规栽培模式棉田丰富;此外,季节温度变化可能会影响土壤节肢动物的上移和下迁。更多还原

【Abstract】 To clarify the diversity difference and short-term dynamic changes of soil arthropods in cotton fields between organic cultivation mode and conventional cultivation mode, soil samples were randomly collected from cotton fields of organic cultivation mode and conventional cultivation mode in Wuhan Bomao Organic Agriculture Ecological Demonstration Base and Xiaogan Anlu Organic Cultivation Demonstration Site in different months.Medium and large arthropods were directly captured, and small arthropods were isolated and extracted by Tullgren method, and then identified by microscope.The species and number of arthropods in the soil and their monthly dynamic changes were analyzed.The results show that the amount of soil arthropods caught in the cotton fields at Wuhan Bomao experimental site is significantly higher than that at Xiaogan Anlu experimental site.The dominant population at the two experimental sites is relatively fixed.However, the number of soil arthropods in the cotton fields under the organic cultivation mode is significantly higher than that under the conventional cultivation mode, and the number of rare species is higher than that under the conventional cultivation mode.There is no difference in arthropod diversity in Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index and dominant concentration index between organic cultivation mode and conventional cultivation mode.In conclusion, the diversity of arthropods in cotton fields under organic cultivation mode is higher than that under conventional cultivation mode.In addition, seasonal temperature changes may affect the upward and downward migration of soil arthropods.更多还原