【摘要】 以甲醛、甲苯为代表的挥发性有机物(VOCs)严重威胁着人们的身体健康。活性炭具有发达的孔洞结构、高比表面积、物理化学性能稳定等优点,在空气净化方面得到广泛应用。然而,普通活性炭材料的环境治理效率以及性能已经不能满足需求,需要对其进行改性。近年来,研究人员通过选择不同的有机原料(坚果果壳、树叶、秸秆、木材等)、不同的活化剂(磷酸、焦磷酸、氯化锌等)以及不同的加热温度和升温速度,制备出性能不一的改性活性炭材料;对活性炭改性可以进一步增大其接触面积、增强多孔性,因而增强其对香烟烟雾、甲醛等有害气体的吸附能力。综述了改性活性炭材料的制备方法、结构性能以及在空气净化领域应用的新进展,并在此基础上分析了不同材料面临的问题及其应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)represented by formaldehyde and toluene pose a serious threat to people’s health.Activated carbon has been widely used in air purification,because of its advantages of well-developed pore structure,high specific surface area and stable physical and chemical properties.However,with the continuous improvement of people’s environmental awareness,the environmental governance efficiency and performance of ordinary activated carbon materials can not meet the needs,so it needs to be modified.In recent years,researchers have prepared modified activated carbon materials with different properties by selecting different organic materials(nut shells,leaves,straw,wood,etc.),different activator(phosphate,pyrophosphate,zinc chloride,etc.)as well as the different heating temperature and heating speed.The modification of activated carbon can further increase its contact area and enhance its porosity,thus enhancing its adsorption capacity of harmful gases such as cigarette smoke and formaldehyde.In this paper,the preparation methods,structural properties and applications of modified activated carbon materials in the field of air purification are reviewed.更多还原