【摘要】 为研究江苏省畜禽养殖对水环境的影响,以2008—2018年十年间的畜禽养殖数量计算出各种畜禽粪便的产生量,在此基础上计算江苏省近十年各畜禽粪便对环境造成的污染。结果显示,近十年江苏省畜禽粪便年产量平均值已达14337.75万t,生猪和家禽所占比重较高,畜禽粪便污染物平均产量已达1023.10万t,在畜禽粪便污染物中COD和BOD₅污染程度较高,2012年分别占污染物总产量的44.02%和39.60%。2012年畜禽粪便污染物等标排放量最高,各污染物等标排放量COD、TP、TN、BOD₅、NH⁺₄-N分别占总量的4.85%、46.72%、19.71%、21.83%、6.89%,说明江苏省畜禽粪便对水环境危害的主要污染物是TP。综合近十年各项指标的变化是呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且2008—2009年与2017—2018年数据几乎处于同一水平,说明该地区畜禽粪便污染没有得到明显的改善,该研究结果可为江苏省水环境污染治理提供参考依据。关键字:更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the impact of livestock and poultry breeding on the water environment in Jiangsu province, the amount of livestock and poultry manure was estimated by using the data of livestock and poultry breeding from 2008 to 2017 and the daily excretion coefficient of all kinds of livestock and poultry manure.On this basis, the amount, loss, diffusion concentration, equivalent emission and equivalent pollution index of livestock and poultry manure pollutants in Jiangsu province in recent ten years were calculated.The results show that the average annual output of livestock and poultry feces in Jiangsu province has reached 143.38 million tons in recent ten years, the proportion of pigs and poultry is high, the average output of livestock and poultry feces pollutants has reached 10.23 million tons, and the pollution degree of COD and BOD₅ in livestock and poultry feces pollutants is high, respectively accounting for 44.02% and 39.60% of the total output of pollutants in 2012.In 2012,the emission of livestock and poultry manure was the highest, and the emission of COD,TP,TN,BOD₅ and NH⁺₄-N accounted for 4.85%,46.72%,19.71%,21.83% and 6.89% of the total respectively, indicating that TP is the main pollutant of livestock and poultry manure harm to water environment in Jiangsu province.In recent ten years, the change trend of various indicators shows a trend of rising first and then declining, and the data of 2008—2009 and 2016—2017 are almost at the same level.It shows that the pollution of livestock manure in this area has not been significantly improved and the results can provide reference for environmental pollution control in Jiangsu province.更多还原