【摘要】 缓/控释肥料的养分可以按照设定的释放规律和释放期缓慢或控制释放,延长植物对养分吸收利用的有效期,对于减少化肥施用和提高利用率至关重要。目前,缓/控释肥料应用的效果,以及对农田氮素流失的防控效果的综合性分析还较少。综合分析了国内15年缓/控释肥料的田间应用数据,从缓控释肥料的种类及作用机理,缓/控释肥料的应用效果,缓/控释肥料对农田氮素流失的防控,以及缓/控释肥料推广瓶颈与建议等几个方面,综述了缓/控释肥料的研究进展及其对农田氮素流失的防控效果,以期为缓/控释肥料在农田更好地推广应用提供支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The nutrients of slow/controlled release fertilizers can be released slowly or controlled according to the given release pattern and period. Slow/controlled release fertilizers can prolong the effective period of nutrient absorption and utilization by plants, which is very important to reduce the application of chemical fertilizers and improve fertilizer use efficiency. At present, the comprehensive analysis of the slow/controlled release fertilizers on the application effects and prevention and control effects of nitrogen loss is seldom reported in farmland. This paper comprehensively analyzed the field application data of slow/controlled-release fertilizers in China for 15 years, and summarized the research progress of slow/controlled-release fertilizers and their prevention and control effects on nitrogen loss in farmland from the following several aspects, classification and nutrient release mechanisms, application effects, prevention and control of nitrogen loss in farmland, and bottlenecks and suggestions for promotion of slow/controlled-release fertilizers. The aim of the current review was to provide the support for the better application of slow/controlled release fertilizers in farmland.更多还原