【摘要】 探讨鲜食玉米品种整株干物质与氮、磷、钾养分动态累积与分配特征,为制定高产栽培管理措施提供依据。在大田试验条件下,对湖北省鲜食玉米新品种泰美甜3号的干物质积累与养分吸收特性进行研究。结果表明,植株干物质和养分吸收量随着生育期延长而发生变化,抽雄期前,鲜食玉米对干物质及氮、磷、钾养分吸收规律变化较为相似,即阶段吸收量和日均吸收量随生育时期的推进逐渐增大;而抽雄期后,植株对干物质和氮、磷、钾养分吸收趋势出现显著差异,即干物质和磷吸收持续增高,氮吸收基本不变,钾吸收迅速下降。干物质和养分在各器官体内的分配特点体现在干物质、氮和磷分配随生长中心的转移而发生变化,而钾向生长中心的转移变化不明显。在生产上应根据需肥特性及环境条件采取相应的施肥措施,氮肥和磷肥要多次分期施用,抽雄后还应适量追肥;钾肥应适量种肥,拔节期追肥,抽雄后不追肥。更多还原

【Abstract】 The dynamic accumulation and distribution characteristics of dry matter and N, P, K nutrients in whole plant of fresh corn varieties were studied to provide basis for making high-yield cultivation and management measures. The dry matter accumulation and nutrient absorption characteristics of Taimeitian No.3, a new fresh corn variety in Hubei Province, were studied in field experiment. The results showed that the dry matter and nutrient uptake of plant changed with the extension of growth period. Before tasseling stage, the changes of dry matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient uptake of fresh corn were similar, that is, the stage absorption and daily average absorption increased gradually with the development of growth period; after tasseling stage, the dry matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient uptake of plant showed a significant trend.The difference was that the absorption of dry matter and phosphorus increased continuously, the absorption of nitrogen remained unchanged, and the absorption of potassium decreased rapidly. The distribution characteristics of dry matter and nutrients in different organs were reflected in that the distribution of dry matter, nitrogen and phosphorus changed with the transfer of the growth center, while the transfer of potassium to the growth center did not change significantly. In production, we should take appropriate fertilization measures according to the characteristics of fertilizer demand and environmental conditions. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer should be applied in stages for many times, and after tasseling, a proper amount of topdressing should be applied; potassium fertilizer should be planted appropriately, topdressing at jointing stage, and no topdressing after tasseling.更多还原