【摘要】 真空电子器件广泛应用于军事民用等领域,具有功率高、电子效率高等优点。近年来在固态电子器件迅猛发展的影响下,真空电子器件的小型化需求越来越迫切。本文研究了超材料慢波结构的高频特性,表明基模n=0空间谐波具有返波特性和高耦合阻抗。同时,分析了两端加载能量输入/输出装置的超材料慢波结构的传输特性,仿真结果表明该结构在2.82～2.86 GHz范围内具有通带。设计了一种S波段基于超材料慢波结构的圆形注反向切伦科夫振荡器,注波互作用的仿真研究表明,在注电压为52 kV、注电流为6 A的条件下,在2.84 GHz频率处具有68.5 kW的输出功率,电子效率约为22%。该超材料慢波结构的横向尺寸约为传统S波段慢波结构的1/7,该反向切伦科夫振荡器的长度约为传统S波段返波振荡器的1/4～1/3,且电子效率高于对应的传统返波振荡器。这些事实表明该反向切伦科夫振荡器具有小型化的优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vacuum electronic devices are widely used in military and civilian fields with the advantages of high power and high electronic efficiency. In recent years, there are increasing needs for the miniaturization of vacuum electronic devices due to the rapid development of solid-state electronic devices. In this paper, the high-frequency characteristics of the metamaterial slow-wave structure are studied, and the result indicates the n=0 space harmonic of fundamental mode exhibits backward-wave behavior and high interaction impedance; the transmission characteristics of the metamaterial slow-wave structure with input/output couplers are investigated, and the simulation results show the pass band of this metamaterial slow-wave structure is in the range of 2.82～2.86 GHz. An S-band reversed Cherenkov oscillator with a pencil beam based on the metamaterial slow-wave structure is then designed. The simulation of beam-wave interaction shows that its output power is 68.5 kW at 2.84 GHz with the electronic efficiency of about 22% for a beam voltage of 52 kV and a beam current of 6 A. The transverse size of the metamaterial slow-wave structure is about 1/7 of the conventional one, the length of the reversed Cherenkov oscillator is about 1/4～1/3 of the conventional one, and the electronic efficiency is higher than its counterparts. All the facts indicate that the oscillator has evident advantage of miniaturization.更多还原