【摘要】 唐代真子飞霜镜与唐诗中所描绘的神仙人物表达了唐人对长生成仙的企羡。从道教养生的角度来解读真子飞霜镜铭文,"真子飞霜"四字铭意为修道真人炼制丹药;外区"凤凰双镜"诗铭意指道教内丹修炼中的阴阳和合之理。真子飞霜镜主题纹饰为王子乔控鹤升仙、萧史吹箫引凤、唐明皇仙话等唐代流行的神仙人物故事的整合与变形,其寓意为得道成仙。真子飞霜镜的图纹与铭辞反映了唐代社会普遍的长生祈愿,这在唐诗中表现为文人士大夫对神仙的倾慕与对修道之人的称颂。唐镜与唐诗从物质与精神两个方面展示了唐代追求长生的社会风尚。更多还原

【Abstract】 The bronze mirror emblazonry of the Tang Dynasty,like poems,legends,paintings,stone carvings,and tomb murals,was a true reflection of the social fashion at that time,especially in the middle and late Tang Dynasty,when the motif of immortals’stories appeared in bronze mirror emblazonries,such as the Moon Palace Mirror,the Flying Fairy Mirror,the Zhenzi Feishuang (真子飞霜)Mirror,and Wang Ziqiao Playing the Sheng to Attract the Phoenix(王子乔吹笙引凤)Mirror,and were full of a strong sense of the immortal spirit.The Zhenzi Feishuang Mirror,which combined the patterns with the inscription,highlighted the mood of pursuing immortality in the Tang Dynasty.This is manifested in the scholar-officials’admiration for the immortal and their praise of the Taoist in Tang Poetry.Tang Mirror Emblazonry and Poetry show the Tang Dynasty social trend of pursuing immortality from both material and spiritual aspects.First of all,the inscriptions of″Zhenzi Feishuang″and″Phoenix Double Mirrors″have deep Taoist connotations.The four characters″Zhenzi Feishuang″in the bronze mirror of the Tang Dynasty confirmed the popular social climate of refining Dan medicine in the Tang Dynasty.The inscription of″Phoenix Double Mirrors″is that″The Double Mirrors were made of the finest copper and tin from the south,with the patterns of yin and yang which meant the sun and the moon would always meet each other.The Double Mirrors were in a white jade box with lotuses on it,fastened to the knobs of the Double Mirrors were ribbons inlaid with emerald jade.The two with one mind and one heart,was the mirror of their loyal heart forever.″This kind of bronze mirror is usually used by lovers or couples,suggesting their love will last forever.Its inscription also conveys the Taoists’harmonious concept of yin and yang.Therefore,the inscription of Zhenzi Feishuang Mirror is interpreted from the perspective of Taoist health preservation,the performer in the emblazonry of Zhenzi Feishuang Mirror generally refers to the Tao;dense and secluded bamboo forests,lotus leaves in pond,auspicious clouds,and mountains inhabited by immortals are the external environment for their self-cultivation,while the soaring crane is the symbol of its ascension to the celestial being;in the inner circle,the inscription″Zhenzi Feishuang″ means refining Dan medicine;the poem inscription″Phoenix Double Mirrors″in the outer circle points to the harmonious principle of yin and yang in the cultivation of Taoist internal Dan medicine.Thus,the main meaning expressed by Zhenzi Feishuang Mirror is to obtain immortal life through the combination of internal Dan medicine and external Dan medicine.Secondly,the story theme of the Zhenzi Feishuang Mirror has gone through the process from prototype to metamorphosis.The emblazonry of Zhenzi Feishuang Mirror overlaps many stories of the immortals,such as Shun playing music to attract the phoenix,Xiao Shi playing the flute to attract the phoenix,Wang Ziqiao controlling the crane to ascend to immortality,Emperor Xuanzong of Tang playing the flute to attract the crane,etc.,which seem to be specific but are not,and it is difficult to distinguish them.Through comparison of the literature,it can be found that the theme of the emblazonry on the Zhenzi Feishuang Mirror is the integration and transformation of the several stories listed above.The emblazonry integrated the popular immortals’stories and legends of that time,and combined a set of new images,which showed that the Taoist lived in dense and secluded bamboo forests,played the Sheng to attract the phoenix,and then ascended the celestial to attain immortality.In addition,the writing of″Zhenzi″in Tang Poetry confirms the wish of the Tang people for an immortal life.If the Zhenzi Feishuang Mirror is the embodiment of the immortal belief in the material life of the Tang people,then the Tang Poetry with the theme of immortality mirrors the spiritual pursuit of the Tang people.They prove that the Tang people cherish life from material and spiritual aspects respectively,which is mainly reflected in scholar-officials’admiration for the immortal figures such as Wang Ziqiao and the praise of the Taoist in reality in Tang Poetry.更多还原