【摘要】 以8个种源27个云南松优良家系22年生的子测林为研究对象,通过对树高、胸径、材积、冠幅、直干率及木纹理扭转度等6个表型性状的测定及其遗传参数估算,研究其子代的遗传变异并进行良种筛选。结果表明,在其子测林的6个性状中,除冠幅外,其余性状在种源间、家系间均存在显著或极显著差异;各性状遗传力虽大小不一,但均受较强的遗传控制;遗传增益较为有限或不明显,说明云南松仅依据其表型性状进行优树选择和造林,并不能保证子代林可获得较高的遗传增益。采用材积、直干率和直纹率3个性状对27个优良家系再进行综合选择,筛选出2个良种,即27号和10号家系,其树高和胸径长量分别较对照提高了10.54%～28.37%和26.49%～28.92%,材积、直干率和直纹率的遗传增益为60.93%～75.54%、6.13%、4.70%～8.05%。云南松就种源而言,以石林最好,双柏次之。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the genetic variation of the 22-year-old sub-forests of 27 Pinus yunnanensis progenies from superior families of 8 provenances were selected as experimental subjects to determine 6 phenotypic traits including tree height, diameter at breast height(DBH), volume of timber, crown width, straight stem ratio and wood graintwist degree, and analyzed their genetic parameter estimation. Also, the genetic variation of the progenies were studied and the superior varieties were screened based on results above. The results showed that there were significant(p<0.05) or extremely significant(p<0.01) differences between provenances and families in all the 6 traits except for crown width and the heritability of each trait varied, but they were all under strong genetic control. The genetic gain was limited or not obvious, indicating that good tree selection and afforestation only based on phenotypic traits of Pinus yunnanensis could not guarantee higher genetic gain of its offspring. Three traits including volume of timber, straight stem ratio and wood graintwist degree were used to select 27 excellent families, and two excellent families, namely No. 27 and No. 10, were screened out. The tree height and DBH both the two families increased by 10.54%—28.37% and 26.49%—28.92% respectively compared with the control. In addition, the genetic gains of volume of timber, straight stem ratio and wood graintwist degree were 60.93%—75.54%, 6.13%, 4.70%—8.05%. In terms of provenance of Pinus yunnanensis, the Shilin was the best, and followed by Shuangbai.更多还原