【摘要】 为获得破除黄花苜蓿新品系种子硬实特性的最佳方法,采用低温,液氮,热水浸种,高温干燥,砂纸打磨,激素（赤霉素GA）,酸（HCl、H₂SO₄）、碱（NaOH）、盐（KMnO₄、KNO₃、NaCl）和双氧水（H₂O₂）13种处理方法,对破除黄花苜蓿新品系种子硬实的效果开展研究。结果表明:适度砂纸打磨处理效果最好,能完全破除黄花苜蓿的种子硬实,发芽率可达98%;其次是98%浓硫酸处理种子25～60 min,硬实率可下降到16%以下,即发芽率可达84%以上;再次是100℃热水处理,能使发芽率提高到62%,硬实率降至38%。3～15 min的液氮处理,也能使发芽率达62%～64%,但幼苗在后期生长过程中死亡率高达20%～26%,不宜采用。其它处理,如70℃高温干燥0.5～3 h处理,-18℃7 d的处理等,与对照相比效果显著（p<0.05）,但处理后的种子硬实率依然在45%以上,在生产中的实际应用价值较小。KNO₃的所有处理对破除参试黄花苜蓿种子硬实的效果均不显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to obtain the best way of breaking the hard-seededness of new Medicago falcata variety,13 treatment methods including low temperature,liquid nitrogen quick freezing,seed soaking with hot water,high temperature drying,sanding,GA₃ treatment,HCl/H₂SO₄ treatment,NaOH treatment,KMnO₄/KNO₃/NaCl treatment and H₂O₂ treatment.The results showed that moderate sanding treatment was the best which could completely break the hard-seededness of M. falcata and the germination rate could reach 98%,followed by the treatment with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 25-60 min and hard-seededness rate could be reduced to less than 16%,that was,germination rate could reach more than 84%.Finally,the treatment with 100 ℃ hot water which could increase the germination rate to 62% and decrease hard-seededness rate to 38%.In addition,liquid nitrogen treatment for 3-15 min could also increase the germination rate to 62%-64%,but the seedling mortality was as high as 20%-26% in the late growth process,so it was not suitable to be used.Other treatments, such as drying at 70 ℃ for 0.5-3 h and drying at-18 ℃ for 7 d showed significant influence compared with the control group（p<0.05）.However,the hard-seededness rate was still above 45% after treatment,which had little practical application value in production.And,KNO₃ treatments had no significant effect on breaking the hard-seededness of M. falcata.更多还原