【摘要】 为充分利用生物炭制成过程中产生的木醋液,研究其促生作用,通过油菜盆栽试验,研究叶面喷施杨木的木醋液对油菜苗期发育的影响。木醋液浓度为稀释600、500、400、300、200、150、100、50、10倍,共9个处理,以喷施清水为对照。设置3月14日、4月4日两个播期,在两个播期的油菜幼苗分别达到三叶、八叶期时,于同一天进行叶面处理。结果表明,于油菜三叶、八叶期叶面喷施稀释300～500倍的木醋液可提高油菜的根干重3.04%～41.98%,茎干重35.74%～68.27%,叶干重19.80%～55.90%,植株总干重27.14%～57.02%;同时显著提高了油菜的株高和根颈粗,以及最大叶长、最大叶宽、叶面积、比叶重,其中以喷施稀释400倍木醋液的促进作用最强,其叶面积可比对照增加50.97%～85.53%。稀释10～50倍的高浓度木醋液则对油菜生长具有明显抑制作用。不同喷施时期相比较,以三叶期喷施处理对根系、茎秆和叶片增长效应更明显,八叶期施用对根的促进作用相对减弱。比较植株根冠比的变化发现,木醋液对油菜生长产生促进作用时,会降低根冠比值,即地上部茎叶的反应更强烈。综上所述,三叶期和八叶期喷施稀释300～500倍的木醋液可显著提高油菜的株高、根颈粗、叶面积、比叶重,显著增加油菜的生物量。一般以稀释400倍浓度的木醋液在三叶期施用效应更好。更多还原

【Abstract】 For better use of wood residues from charcoal industry, poplar vinegar was studied on rape(Brassica napus L.) by pot experiment. Poplar vinegar was sprayed on leaves at seedling stage. Application concentration of wood vinegar was diluted 600, 500, 400, 300, 200, 150, 100, 50 and 10 times with water control. Two sowing dates were set up as March 14 and April 4. The wood vinegar solutions were sprayed on seedlings of 3-leaves and 8-leaves periods respectively at both sowing dates. Results showed that 10 traits were increased by spraying 300-500 times wood vinegar on both periods. The 10 traits included root dry weight, stem dry weight, leaf dry weight, total dry weight, plant height, root neck diameter, maximum leaf length, maximum leaf width, leaf area and specific leaf weight. Among them, the increase reached 3.04%-41.98% on root dry weight, 35.74%-68.27% on stem dry weight,19.80%-55.90% on leaf dry weight, 27.14%-57.02% on plant total dry weight. The leaf area increased by 50.97%-85.53% 400 times compared with control. When the wood vingar was in 10-50 times, rapeseed growth was significantly inhibited. Between the 2 periods, spraying at 3-leaves significantly increased the growth of root, stem and leaves. Conisidering of root shoot ratio, the wood vinegar promoted aboveground growth rather than roots. In conclusion, the application of 300-500 times diluted wood vinegar at the 3-leaves and 8-leaves periods could significantly improve plant growth on palnt height, root neck diameter, leaf area, specific leaf weight and biomass of rape. And the application effect was better with 400 times at 3-leaves period.更多还原