【摘要】 近年来,随着科技的蓬勃发展、生活环境的改变、电子产品的普及,我国人口近视呈现高发、低龄化趋势。近视所导致的视力障碍以及高度近视引起的病理性眼底改变已严重影响到人们的学习、工作和生活。受到医学、环境、社会和经济等多种因素的影响,近视已成为全社会关注的焦点,然其发病机制尚不明确,目前认为可能与调节、形觉剥夺、周边视网膜远视性离焦、巩膜主动重塑等多种因素有关,而遗传和环境因素也参与了近视的形成,近视的防控迫在眉睫。中西医在治疗近视方面都发挥了其独特的优势,且方法众多,如何选取合适的个体化防控措施已成为重中之重。为此,本文对近视的危险因素及最新的中西医防控方法进行总结概述,以期为眼科的临床同仁提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, the change of living environment, and the popularization of electronic products, the population with myopia in our country has shown a trend of high incidence and low incidence age. The vision disorder caused by myopia and the pathological fundus changes caused by high myopia seriously affect study, work and life of patients. Under the influence of many factors such as medicine, environment, society and economy, myopia has become the focus of the whole society. However, the pathogenesis of myopia is not clear. At present, it is thought to be related to many factors such as accommodation, form deprivation, hyperopic defocus,and active reconstruction of sclera. Besides, genetic and environmental factors also participate in the formation of myopia. The prevention and control of myopia is imminent. Chinese and western medicine both show their unique advantages in the treatment of myopia, and there are many methods as options. How to choose appropriate individual prevention and control measures has become the top priority. Therefore, this paper summarized the risk factors of myopia and the latest prevention and control methods of traditional Chinese and western medicine, in order to provide reference for clinical practitioners in ophthalmology.更多还原