【摘要】 目的分析2014—2018年兰州市手足口病流行规律及特征,为有效防控手足口病提供科学依据。方法使用Excel 2010建立兰州市手足口病资料库,采用发病数、发病率和构成比等指标描述2014—2018年兰州市报告手足口病的三间分布和病原学特征。结果 2014—2018年兰州市共报告手足口病11 999例,无重症死亡病例,年均发病率为64.69/10万,不同年份发病率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=1 210.3,P<0.01);5岁以下儿童发病数10 301例,占发病总数的85.85%,男女性别比为1.42∶1;病例人群多集中于幼托儿童和散居儿童,分别占45.95%和41.13%;每年发病均呈双峰分布,5~7月份高发,具有明显的周期性;3个县5个区均有病例报告,发病率最高的是城关区(82.41/10万);实验室诊断肠道病毒71型(EV-A71)和柯萨奇病毒A16型(CV-A16)隔年交替流行,其他肠道病毒CV-A6、CV-A10等有增加趋势。结论兰州市手足口病具有明显的时空分布特征,各幼托机构、社区及小学要加强监测与宣传,做好疾病预警工作,最大限度地降低手足口病的发病率。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence and characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2018, and provide scientific basis for effective prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. METHODS Excel 2010 database of hand-footmouth disease in Lanzhou was established to describe three distributions of hand, foot and mouth disease reported in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2018 based on the indicators of incidence, incidence and composition ratio. RESULTS 11 999 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Lanzhou City from 2014 to 2018. There were no severe death cases, with an average annual incidence of 64.69/100 000. The differences in incidence rates in different years were statistically significant(χ~2=1210.3, P<0.05). The number of cases reported was 10 301 cases, accounting for 85.85% of the total number of cases, and the gender ratio was 1.42: 1. The majorities of cases were concentrated in child care and scattered children, accounting for 45.95% and 41.13% respectively yearly. The incidence was bimodal, with high incidence from May to July, with obvious periodicity; cases were reported in 3 counties and 5 districts, and the highest incidence was in Chengguan District(82.41/100 000); laboratory-diagnosed enterovirus 71(EV-A71) and Coxsackie virus A16(CV-A16) had been circulating alternately every other year, and other enteric viruses CV-A6, CV-A10 had an increasing trend. CONCLUSION The hand-foot-mouth disease in Lanzhou had obvious spatial and temporal distribution characteristics. All child care institutions, communities and primary schools should strengthen monitoring and publicity, focus on the early warning of diseases, and minimize the incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease.更多还原