【摘要】 3岁儿童乘员胸部在冲击载荷条件下的运动学响应一直是研究的盲点,本文基于ECE R44法规前碰撞动态试验方法,采用Hybrid III 3岁儿童假人和第四代学术版THUMS 3岁儿童人体有限元模型(THUMS 3YO)建立了两款儿童约束系统(CRS)的正面碰撞台车数值分析模型。建立了Hybrid III 3岁假人胸部运动力学方程,分析了胸部加速度和胸部所受内外力的相互关系。同时,定性对比分析了两款CRS中THUMS 3YO儿童胸部软组织器官损伤风险。分析结果表明:Hybrid III 3岁假人胸部加速度与胸部所受的外力和内力都相关,外力是胸部加速度的最重要的影响因素;两款CRS中THUMS 3YO儿童乘员胸部内脏软组织器官所受的应力应变均超出了损伤阈值,前置护板型CRS对儿童胸部器官损伤风险相对五点式背带式CRS更大。该研究内容厘清了儿童乘员胸部在动态载荷条件下的运动学方程及不同加载方式的胸部软组织损伤风险,对儿童乘员约束系统的设计具有重要的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The kinematic response of a 3-year-old child occupant’s chest under impact loading is a blind spot of research. Based on the ECE R44 front collision test regulation, two types of CRSs’ front collision numerical analysis models were established using the hybrid III 3-year-old child dummy and the total human model for safety 3 YO(THUMS 3 YO) occupant finite element model academic version 4. Then the chest motion equation of Hybrid III 3-year-old child dummy was built to analyze relations among chest acceleration and internal and external forces exerted on chest. Injury risks of THUMS 3 YO child’s chest soft tissue organ in two types of CRSs were contrastively analyzed. The analysis results showed that hybrid III 3-year-old child dummy’s chest acceleration is related to external and internal forces exerted on chest, and external force is the most important influence factor on chest acceleration; THUMS 3 YO child occupant chest soft tissue organ’s stress and strain both exceed the damage threshold, and the damage value in the front guard plate type CRS is larger than that in the 5-point back-belt type CRS; the study results provide an important guide for design of CRS.更多还原