【摘要】 现有解决海上油田油水井地层污染、近井地带堵塞的主要措施为酸化、压裂、爆燃压裂等。其中,酸化会对储层产生二次伤害;压裂对选井条件要求苛刻,施工程序复杂,作业费用较高;爆燃压裂受限于火工品运输和工艺实施特殊性,难以大范围推广使用。为此,开展了高效、安全、低成本的可控冲击波技术在海上油田应用的响应研究,通过制作物模实验样品,建立冲击波致裂实验平台,探索可控冲击波致裂海上油层的可能性。实验结果表明,在海上油田常用的3种完井工艺条件下,冲击波可致裂样品产生宏观裂缝;冲击波作用后,储层抗压强度平均下降了23%,抗拉强度平均下降了52%,力学强度的降低表明冲击波可以有效改变样品内部结构,进而解决储层难于形成复杂缝网的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The existing main measures to solve the formation pollution of oil and water wells in offshore oil fields and blockage in near-well areas are acidification,fracturing and deflagration fracturing. Among which,acidification will cause secondary damage to the reservoir; fracturing requires strict selection of well conditions,complicated construction procedures and high operating costs; deflagration fracturing is limited by the specialty of pyrotechnics transportation and process implementation,and it is difficult to promote it in widely used. Therefore,this paper has carried out the research on the response of highefficiency,safe and low-cost controllable shock wave technology in offshore oilfield applications. By making physical model test samples,the shock wave cracking experimental platform is established,and the possibility of controllable shock wave cracking in offshore oil layer is explored. The experimental results show that under the three kinds of completion conditions commonly used in offshore oilfields,the shock wave can crack the sample to produce macroscopic cracks; after the shock wave,the compressive strength of the reservoir drops by 23% on average,and the tensile strength drops by 52% on average. The decrease of mechanical strength indicates that the shock wave can effectively change the internal structure of the sample,thereby solving the problem that the reservoir is difficult to form a complex seam. By exploring the possibility of shock wave cracking in offshore reservoirs,this paper introduces a low-cost and efficient reservoir reforming technology into offshore oilfields,which can provide richer and more effective technical means for low-porosity and lowpermeability reservoir reconstruction and capacity release.更多还原