【摘要】 目的对北京市海淀区某小学一起人类偏肺病毒感染疫情进行调查处置,分析流行特征和影响因素,为此类病毒感染疫情防控工作提供依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法:对搜索病例进行个案调查,并采集病例咽拭子标本进行呼吸道多病原核酸检测。结果该校共发生人类偏肺病毒感染16例,全部为学生,总体罹患率为38. 10%(16/42),不同性别罹患率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2. 041,P=0. 153);核酸检测人类偏肺病毒阳性率为85. 71%(6/7),其他呼吸道多病原核酸检测均为阴性;病例集中在一年级(7)班,发病时间为11月29日-12月3日;潜伏期为2～4天;临床症状以发热、咳嗽为主,占100. 00%和87. 50%;发热时间最短3天,最长7天,平均(4. 19±1. 16)天。结论人类偏肺病毒传染性强;潜伏期较短,约为2～4天;以发热、咳嗽为主要症状;发热期约为3. 03～5. 35天;没有特效治疗方法和疫苗。这些均使防控工作面临严峻的考验,亟需提高防控人员知识储备。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the outbreak of human metapneumovirus infection in a primary school in Hai Dian,analyze the epidemic characteristics and influencing factors,and provide basis for the prevention and control of this kind of virus infection.Methods Field epidemiological investigation and individual survey were conducted. Throat swabs samples were collected for detection the respiratory tract multi pathogenic nucleic acids. Results There were 16 cases of human metapneumovirus infection in the school and all of them were students. The total attack rate was 38. 10%( 16/42),and there was no significant difference between different genders( χ2= 2. 041,P = 0. 153). The positive rate of human metapneumovirus nucleic acid was 85. 71%( 6/7),and other respiratory multi pathogenic nucleic acids were negative. The cases were concentrated in class 7,grade 1,and the onset time was from November 29 to December 3. The latent period was 2-4 days. The main clinical symptoms were fever and cough,accounting for 100%and 87. 50% respectively. The shortest fever time was 3 days and the longest was 8 days,with an average of( 4. 19 ± 1. 16) days.Conclusions Human metapneumovirus is highly infectious. The latent period is short. Fever and cough are the main symptoms and the fever period is about3. 03-5. 35 days. There is no specific treatment and vaccine. All of these make the prevention and control work face a severe test,and it is urgent to improve the knowledge reserve of prevention and control personnel.更多还原