【摘要】 精神分裂症患者存在严重的认知功能损伤,认知功能损伤的重要神经生物学基础是患者脑内神经递质水平异常,这会导致患者出现异常神经元电活动,脑电图指标可以客观、定量反映神经递质导致的异常神经元电活动。本文主要对国内外精神分裂症患者认知功能损伤的神经生物学和电生理学等研究情况进行综述,回顾了认知功能损伤相关神经递质的生物学机制,梳理了与之相关的异常神经生物电指标,为精神分裂症的发病原理和辅助诊断提供相应参考。未来的研究应更多关注疾病的致病基因、神经影像学等生物学标记物,建立精神分裂症辅助诊断的指标体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Patients with schizophrenia have severe cognitive impairments. The important neurobiological basis of cognitive impairments is the abnormal level of neurotransmitters in the brain, which will lead to abnormal electrical activity of neurons.Electroencephalograph can be used to reflect the abnormal electrical activities caused by neurotransmitters objectively and quantitatively. Herein the researches on the neurobiology and electrophysiology of cognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia at home and abroad are reviewed; the biological mechanisms of neurotransmitters related to cognitive impairments are analyzed; and the related abnormal bioelectrical indicators are sorted out, thus providing relevant reference for the pathogenesis study and auxiliary diagnosis of schizophrenia. In the future, more attention should be paid to the pathogenic genes, neuroimaging and other biological markers of the disease, and the establishment of an indicator system for the auxiliary diagnosis of schizophrenia.更多还原