【摘要】 新经济发展模式下,人力资本成为经济发展的关键因素。为了探索新经济产业生产方式下人口红利的新内涵及其市场瓶颈问题,文章从劳动要素属性出发思考要素市场基本理论问题。研究发现,人力资本边际效率低于潜在效率,使得要素市场仅有劳动力定价缺少人力资本定价机制,最终导致要素市场扭曲。此外,基于劳动要素属性、价值创造与消耗均衡及较低折旧率的延退政策能提高劳动要素有效时间供给,缓解要素市场扭曲。这些研究成果有利于拓展新经济条件下劳动要素理论,科学认识人力资本红利,为破解经济转型、突破中等收入陷阱的人力资本约束和延退政策提供了基于要素属性的理论支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the new economic development mode,human capital has become the key factor of economic development. In order to explore the new connotation of demographic dividend and its market "bottleneck" under the new economic and industrial production mode,the paper considers the basic theoretical issues of factor market from the perspective of the attributes of labor factors. The study finds that the marginal efficiency of human capital is lower than the potential efficiency,which makes labor pricing become the only mechanism of the factor market and lack of human capital pricing mechanism,and ultimately leads to the distortion of the factor market. In addition,the deferred retirement policy based on the attributes of labor factors,the balance of value creation and consumption,and the lower depreciation rate has improved the effective time supply of labor factors and thus alleviated the distortion of factor market. The research results are helpful to expand the theory of labor factors under the new economic conditions,scientifically understand the "human capital dividend",break through the restraint of human capital in economic transformation and the "middle income trap",and provide theoretical support for the deferred retirement policy based on the attribute of factors.更多还原