【摘要】 【目的】为氮高效优质小麦品种的选育和栽培提供理论依据,【方法】以不同基因型的7个高产小麦品种为材料,在丽江和昆明2地进行田间试验,综合分析基因型、环境对小麦氮效率和品质的影响。【结果】小麦氮肥生产效率和品质均显著受地点的影响,同时显著存在品种×地点的互作效应;其中,品种效应相对较小,品种×地点的互作效应对氮肥生产效率的影响较大,地点对品质的影响较大。2个地点中,丽江点的氮肥吸收和生产效率显著高于昆明点,但品质相对较差;7个品种中,不同品种氮效率因评价指标不同而存在差异,云麦77氮素吸收利用及转运能力均较强,且品质相对较好;云麦53、云麦64和云麦76氮素吸收能力强;云麦57和云麦68氮素利用、转运能力强,且品质好。【结论】兼顾品质和氮效率,云麦77是综合表现最好的品种,其次是云麦57和云麦68。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to provide theoretical basis for the breeding and cultivation of nitrogen efficient and high quality wheat varieties. 【Method】Seven high-yield wheat varieties with different genotypes were used as materials. Field experiments were conducted in Lijiang and Kunming to analyze the effects of genotypes and environment on nitrogen fertilizer absorption and utilization efficiency and quality of wheat. 【Result】The results showed that the nitrogen fertilizer production efficiency and quality of wheat were significantly affected by site, and there was a significant interaction effect of variety × site. Among them, the variety effect was relatively small, the interaction effect of variety × site had a great influence on the nitrogen fertilizer production efficiency, and the location had a great influence on the quality. Among the two sites, the nitrogen fertilizer absorption and production efficiency in Lijiang were significantly higher than those in Kunming, but the quality was relatively poor. Among the seven varieties, the nitrogen efficiency of different varieties was different because of different evaluation indexes. Yunmai 77 had strong nitrogen absorption, utilization and transport ability, and relatively good quality. Yunmai 53, Yunmai 64 and Yunmai 76 had strong nitrogen absorption capacity. Yunmai 57 and Yunmai 68 had strong nitrogen utilization, transport ability and good quality. 【Conclusion】 Considering both quality and nitrogen efficiency, Yunmai 77 was the best variety, followed by Yunmai 57 and Yunmai 68.更多还原