【摘要】 【目的】研究9个蓝莓品种在丽江种植条件下果实中花青素苷的组成和含量,为蓝莓花青素的开发利用提供科学依据。【方法】对丽江种植的‘奥林匹亚’、‘双丰’、‘蓝金’、‘瑞卡’、‘波尼法西’、‘公爵’、‘普鲁’、‘密斯迪’和‘奥尼尔’9个蓝莓品种果实中的花青素苷用高效液相色谱进行分析比较;选取其中‘双丰’和‘奥尼尔’2个品种对不同成熟度和不同成熟期的果实中花青素苷组分和含量进行分析比较。【结果】蓝莓果实中花青素苷主要成分至少含有17种,但因品种不同,果实中花青素苷组分有差异。其中‘奥林匹亚’和‘密斯迪’果实中花青素苷组分最多,至少含有15种花青素苷;‘双丰’、‘波尼法西’、‘公爵’和‘普鲁’果实中含有的花青素苷组分最少,含有13种。除了‘密斯迪’、‘公爵’和‘奥林匹亚’外,其它品种果实中花青素苷含量差异达显著水平。‘蓝金’果实中花青素苷含量最高,达58.35 g/100mg,其次是‘奥尼尔’和‘双丰’分别为44.05和37.14 g/100mg,‘普鲁’的含量最低,仅为‘蓝金’的1/3。‘双丰’和‘奥尼尔’这2个品种随着果实的成熟和着色增加,花青素苷组分和含量明显增加,但‘双丰’和‘奥尼尔’2个品种的变化幅度有差异。蓝莓果实成熟期不同,相同品种不同时间成熟的果实中含有的花青素苷组分差异不大,但含量有较大差异。其中,最早一批成熟收获的果实中花青素含量最低,第2批收获的果实中含量最高,第3批以后收获的果实花青素苷含量因品种有较大差异。其中‘奥尼尔’果实中最后一批收获的果实中花青素苷含量下降,而‘双丰’果实花青素含量没有显著下降。【结论】9个供试的品种中‘蓝金’果实的花青素苷含量最高可以作为保健品开发利用的备选品种。‘双丰’和‘奥尼尔’这2个早熟及口感较好比较受消费者喜爱的蓝莓品种,同一收获期的蓝莓果实成熟度越高花青素苷含量越高;同一年内不同的收获期果实的花青素苷含量不同。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 The present paper aimed to study the composition and content of anthocyanin in fruit of 9 blueberry varieties which were planted in Lijiang city, then provided scientific basis for the development and utilization of blueberry anthocyanins.【Method】We analyzed anthocyanins in fresh fruit of 9 blueberry varieties as Olympia, Sweetheart, Bluegold, Reka, Bonifacy, Duke, Puru, Misty and O’Neal by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The varieties Sweetheart and O’Neal were selected to analyze and compare the anthocyanin components and contents in the fruits with different maturity. 【Result】The results showed that there were at least 17 main components of anthocyanins in the fruit of these blueberry varieties. However, the anthocyanin components in fruits were different with different varieties. Among them, the most anthocyanins were found in Olympia and Misty, which contained at least 15 anthocyanins. But the fruit of Sweetheart, Bonifacy, Duke and Puru contained the least anthocyanins components, which were 13 anthocyanins. The anthocyanin content in the fruit of other varieties was significantly different except for Misty, Duke and Olympia. The content of anthocyanin in the fruit of Bluegold was the highest, reaching 58.35 g/100 mg, followed by O’Neal and Sweetheart, which were 44.05 and 37.14 g/100 mg, respectively. Puru was the least, only 17.00 g/100 mg, corresponding to 1/3 of Bluegold. The results showed that anthocyanin components and content in the fruit of Sweetheart and O’Neal increased significantly with the increase of fruit ripening and coloring, but the variation ranges of the two varieties were different. The anthocyanin contained in the fruits of the same variety at different ripening stages were not significantly different, but the content of anthocyanin was significantly different. Among them, anthocyanin content was the lowest in the fruits harvested in the first harvest period, the highest was found in the second harvest period, and the anthocyanin content in the fruits harvested after the third harvest period varied greatly with the variety. Anthocyanin content in the fruits of O’Neal harvested in the last harvest period was decreased while Sweetheart did not decrease significantly.【Conclusion】Based on the analysis anthocyanins in fresh fruit of 9 blueberry varieties, Bluegold had the highest anthocyanin content and could be used as alternative variety resources for the development and utilization of health care products. Sweetheart and O’Neal were early-ripening and good-tasting blueberry varieties that were more popular with consumers, and the anthocyanin content in which were higher with the ripeness of fruit at the same harvest period, and were different with the `harvest period at the same year.更多还原