【摘要】 振动驱动是颗粒体系最通用的激发方式之一,颗粒在振动驱动下表现出复杂的集合运动现象.单颗粒在振动驱动下运动行为的研究有助于对多颗粒集合行为的理解.本文研究了单个盘状颗粒在垂直驱动下一维水平运动的统计力学性质,通过将装有颗粒的实验仓固定在振动台上,在竖直方向提供固定频率和振幅的振动驱动条件,使用高速相机记录颗粒的运动状态,采用图像识别技术获得颗粒的位置及转角信息,分析得到平动位移和转动角度的统计分布都满足高斯分布,并且还测量了与时间相关的动力学性质,验证系统满足统计力学涨落—耗散关系,得到接近平衡态统计特性的实验条件.更多还原

【Abstract】 Vibration is one of the most common methods to agitate granular systems.There are abundant complex collective—motion phenomena in vibration driven granular systems.The study of the microscopic fluctuation of a single driven particle helps our understanding of the collective behaviors of systems formed by many particles.In this paper,the statistical mechanical properties of one-dimensional horizontal motion of a single disk driven vertically by a shaker are studied,by fixing the experimental chamber with particle on the vibration bed,the vibration driving condition of fixed frequency and amplitude is provided in the vertical direction,the state of particle is recorded with high speed camera,with image recognition technology the position and angle information of particle are obtained.We have measured the statistical distributions of translational displacements and rotational angles,as well as the dynamic properties.It is confirmed that system satisfies the fluctuation dissipation relation of equilibrium statistical mechanics.This study provide experimental conditions for obtaining a system with near equilibrium statistical mechanic characteristics.更多还原