【摘要】 细胞外囊泡是一组内源性的纳米囊泡,携带宿主和病原体衍生的蛋白、核酸和脂质等。它们由大多数类型的细胞及某些病原体分泌,在细胞间通讯中发挥重要作用。病原体感染后,细胞外囊泡通过传播宿主或病原体的衍生分子介导机体的病理生理变化,参与免疫调节过程。我们总结了细胞外囊泡在细菌、病毒、真菌等病原体致病过程中的作用和机制,包括细胞外囊泡促进病原体的扩散与繁殖,通过物质转运改变病原体的抗原性与感染性以及影响机体免疫应答的过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 Extracellular vesicles are a group of endogenous nano-vesicles that carry host-and pathogen-derived proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. They can be produced by most types of cells and some pathogens, and play important roles in cell-to-cell communication. After pathogen infection, extracellular vesicles participate in the process of immune regulation by the pathophysiological changes mediated by spreading host-or pathogen-derived molecules. Here, we summarized the functions and mechanisms of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenic process of bacteria, viruses, fungi and some other pathogens, including promoting the transmission and replication of pathogens, changing the antigenicity and infectivity of pathogens through material transport, and affecting the immune response in human body.更多还原