【摘要】 悖论式领导是指领导者采用看似竞争却相互关联的领导行为,旨在同时满足工作中的竞争性需求。这种新型的领导行为是基于中国传统阴阳哲学理论提出的,它突破了权变视角下"二选一"(either-or)的局限性,转向"二者皆"(both-and),通过悖论思维发挥整合矛盾的协同效应。悖论式领导研究已取得了一些进展,但是缺少关于该主题的系统综述。本文通过介绍其概念起源、内涵和测量,进而梳理其前因、结果变量及其作用机制,对已有研究进行了系统的梳理和述评,构建了悖论式领导研究的整体框架并指出未来研究的方向。本文发现,已有研究大多聚焦于探讨东方情境下悖论式领导的作用效果,对其成因以及西方情境下的作用效果关注不足,且存在不一致的研究结论。因此,从概念和测量的完善、悖论思想对已有领导研究的拓展与整合、对悖论领导内在形成机制的挖掘、加强悖论式领导的西方情境及跨文化比较研究、进一步完善和丰富相关研究设计等方面对未来研究进行了展望。本文为深化东西方情境下悖论式领导的研究和实践提供了重要参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 As contemporary organizations and their environments become increasingly complex,turbulent and uncertain, leaders will inevitably face more contradictory challenges and tensions. It becomes one of the key indicators of leadership effectiveness that how leaders integrate internal and external resources and manage contradictions and crises under complex and uncertain environments.Combining Chinese Yin-Yang philosophy with Western leadership theory, scholars put forward the concept of paradoxical leadership. Paradoxical leadership describes the new leader behaviors that are seemingly competing, yet interrelated, to meet competing workplace demands simultaneously and over time. Rather than being "either-or" contingency-based action, paradoxical leadership reflects a "bothand" strategy that behaviorally accepts and integrates contradictory demands based on Chinese traditional philosophy of Yin-Yang. Using the "both-and" strategy, paradoxical leadership highlights the opportunities for effectively managing competing demands by acceptance and integration of contradictions, which has become one of the hot topics in leadership research.The existing literature has made some progress, but there are few systematic review studies. The present paper systematically reviews previous studies on paradoxical leadership. Firstly, it introduces the concept origin, connotation and measurement of paradoxical leadership, and distinguishes paradoxical leadership from contingent leadership and ambidextrous leadership. Secondly, it systematically analyzes and summarizes the antecedents, outcome variables and influence mechanisms of paradoxical leadership based on previous empirical studies, and then constructs an integrated analysis framework. Thirdly, it points out the limitations of the existing research. We find that previous studies mostly focus on the effect of paradoxical leadership in the Eastern context, and pay little attention to its antecedents and effect in the Western context, and there are also some inconsistent conclusions. Finally, based on the shortcomings of the existing research, this paper puts forward some future research directions, including concept and measurement improvement, developing and integrating other combinations of leadership aspects by paradox lens, exploring how paradoxical leadership forms from the perspectives of sensemaking and social culture, extending paradoxical leadership research in the Western context and crosscultural studies, and using multiple research design.The contributions of this paper are to clarify the latest progress of paradoxical leadership research,to provide the limitations of the existing research and possible future research directions, and to provide an important reference for promoting the research and practice of paradoxical leadership in the Eastern and Western contexts. The last but the most important is to make researchers and managers pay more attention to Chinese traditional philosophy thought in management research and practice.更多还原