【摘要】 探究生物炭和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)混施对煤矸石基质水分入渗和蒸发的影响,可为矿区矸石山土壤水分的调节提供依据。采用模拟土柱方法,研究不同矸土比(1∶2,1∶1和2∶1)的煤矸石基质,在混施生物炭(1%,2%和4%)和PAM(0.5‰和1‰)条件下,基质水分的吸持性能、入渗及蒸发特征。结果表明:(1)对煤矸石基质入渗性能的影响程度为生物炭>PAM>矸土比;随生物炭施用量的增加,基质的饱和含水量以及入渗速率均呈增加趋势,而PAM施用量的增加则减弱了煤矸石基质的饱和含水量和入渗速率。(2)添加1‰PAM处理的基质累积蒸发量均低于添加0.5‰PAM的处理;矸土比对煤矸石基质水分蒸发影响程度较生物炭和PAM大。(3)聚类分析表明,4%生物炭和0.5‰PAM混施时煤矸石基质的水分吸持性能及入渗速率较高;而矸土比为2∶1时,2%的生物炭和1‰的PAM混施可减弱基质水分的蒸发。总之,增加生物炭施用量有利于基质水分入渗,而PAM用量的增加,可抑制煤矸石基质水分的蒸发。更多还原

【Abstract】 Investigating the effects of mixed application of biochar and polyacrylamide(PAM) on water infiltration and evaporation of coal gangue matrix can provide a basis for the regulation of soil moisture in coal gangue mountain in mining area. The water retention capability, infiltration and evaporation characteristics of coal gangue matrix with different ratios of coal gangue to soil(1∶2, 1∶1 and 2∶1) under the mixed application of different proportion of biochar(1%, 2% and 4%) and PAM(0.5‰ and 1‰) were studied by using a simulated soil column method. The results indicated that:(1) The influence of biochar on the infiltration performance of coal gangue matrix was greater than that of PAM and ratio of coal gangue to soil.With the rate of biochar addition increased, the saturated water content and infiltration rate of matrix increased. Whereas the rate of PAM addition increased, the saturated water content and infiltration rate of coal gangue matrix declined.(2) The cumulative evaporation of with addition of 1‰ PAM was lower than that of 0.5‰ PAM.The effects of ratio of coal gangue to soil on moisture evaporation of coal gangue matrix were greater than that of biochar and PAM.(3) Cluster analysis showed that the water retention capacity and infiltration rate of coal gangue matrix were high under the mixed addition of 4% biochar and 0.5‰ PAM, while the mixed application of 2% biochar and 1‰ PAM could weaken soil water evaporation when the ratio of coal gangue and soil was 2∶1. In a word, increasing the addition of biochar would be beneficial to the water infiltration and increasing the proportion of PAM could restrain the evaporation of water in coal gangue matrix.更多还原