【摘要】 为了解苹果复合种植即果-蔬[MB]、果-草[MH]、果-荒[MW]、果-粮[MZ]模式下土壤动物群落结构特征,采用手拣法和改良干、湿生漏斗法,对黄土残塬沟壑区苹果园4种复合种植模式下的土壤动物群落组成及特征进行调查研究。4种模式下共分离得到土壤动物57.33百只/m~2,隶属4门11纲23目42个类群。4种复合种植模式下土壤动物个体密度和类群数的垂直分布特征表现出明显的表聚特征,水平分布特征表现为果-草[MH]>果-蔬[MB]>果-荒[MW]≥果-粮[MZ]。果-草[MH]复合种植模式下土壤动物的多样性指数、均匀度指数及丰富度指数最高,优势度指数最低,表明4种复合种植模式对果园土壤动物类群多样性的影响呈现不同的特征。研究结果可为黄土残塬沟壑区苹果果园生物多样性保护提供土壤动物生态学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 To understand the community structure of soil fauna under Apple complex planting {Malus-Brassica [MB],Malus-Herbage[MH],Malus-Wild[MW],Malus-Zea mays[MZ]},the composition and characteristics of soil fauna community in apple orchards under the four combined planting modes were investigated by hand-picking method and improved dry-wet funnel method.A total of 57.33 animals/m~2 soil was isolated under the four modes,belonging to 42 groups of 23 orders,11 classes and 4 phyla.The vertical distribution characteristics of individual density and population of soil fauna under four intercropping patterns showed obvious aggregation characteristics.The horizontal distribution characteristics were MH>MB>MW>MZ.The shannon-wiener index,pielou index and simpson index of soil fauna were the highest and margalef index was the lowest under MH intercropping mode,which indicated that the effects of four intercropping modes on diversity of soil fauna in orchards were different.The results can provide soil animal ecological basis for the biodiversity conservation of apple orchards in the gully region of the loess plateau.更多还原